Physical Geography (Part-II) (Railway)

• Enzymes and microorganisms, comprising bacteria and fungi, breakdown the biodegradable substances and decompose them.

•  These microorganisms are the decomposers as they break-down the complex organic substances into simple inorganic substances that go into the soil and are used up once more by the plants.

• Abiotic environment includes all non-living components such as air, cloud, soil, land, mountains, rivers, temperature, humidity, water, water, vapour, sand, etc.

• lt mainly originates in the large desert regions of the northwestern Indian subcontinent: the Great Indian Desert, the Cholistan Desert, and the desert areas of Southern Balochistan.

• Since it causes extremely low humidity and high temperatures, exposure to it often leads to fatal heat strokes

• They cannot be decomposed or dissolved by natural agents.

• Plastic is an example of non-biodegradable material.

•In open areas, trees and large shrubs reduce effects of soil erosion with their root systems.

• Grass, shrubs, and trees reduce the effects of erosive forces like wind and hold soil in place.

• Barchans are convex facing the wind, with the horns of the crescent pointing down wind and marking the lateral advancement of the sand.

• One of the commonest types of dunes, it occurs in sandy deserts all over the world.

• Solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, nuclear energy, etc. are some of the forms of energy that we get outside the earth.

• Non-renewable resources come directly from the earth. This can be directly from the ground or a mine.

• Human factors such as population and technology are also important determinants of land use pattern.

• Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India.

• Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.

• The time difference between the actual sunrise and the apparent sunrise is about 2 minutes.