Physical Properties of Matter (Physics)

Increasing the amount of substance does not change its density. Density of an object depends on its mass and volume. Density can be found by using the equation:

Density = Mass/Volume

An increase in temperature (heating) increases the volume of most liquids slightly and consequently decreases the liquid density. But the behaviour of water from 0°C to 4°C is just opposite.

When water is heated from 0°C to 4°C then there is a decrease in volume and increase in density but when we cross the limit of 4°C then again it behaves like other ordinary liquids, Which means its volume increases and density decreases. Thus, when water is heated from 0°C to 10°C it's volume first decreases and then increases.

If the temperature of water is lowered from 9°C to 4°C then density is maximum at 4°C Density is inversely proportional to volume, therefore till 4°C density increases which result in decrease in volume and later ( 4°C to 3° C ) reduction in density would cause an increase in volume.

The mass of an, substance while heating remains the same however its volume increases. Thus, its density decreases. But water exhibits an anomalous expansion on cooling and contraction on heating within a specific range of temperature.

When water at 0°C is heated, it is observed that it contracts between 0°C to 4°C, ie. volume decreases and thus density increases. The volume of water is minimum at 4°C. Hence, the density of water is maximum at 4°C.

The mass of an, substance while heating remains the same however its volume increases. Thus, its density decreases. But water exhibits an anomalous expansion on cooling and contraction on heating within a specific range of temperature.

When water at 0°C is heated, it is observed that it contracts between 0°C to 4°C, ie. volume decreases and thus density increases. The volume of water is minimum at 4°C. Hence, the density of water is maximum at 4°C.

The density of water increases with temperature but volume decreases. At 4°C, the volume of water is low and density is maximum. Conversion of Celsius in Kelvin

K = C + 273

= 4 + 273 = 277

So, the density of water is maximum at 277 K.

Avogadro's law states that under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of different gases contain an equal number of molecules. This empirical relation can be derived from the kinetic theory of gases under the assumption of a perfect (ideal) gas.

For a given mass of an ideal gas, the volume and amount (moles) of the gas are directly proportional if the temperature and pressure are constant. The law is approximately valid for real gases at sufficiently low pressures and high temperatures.

Gases do not have a definite volume and can occupy any amount of space available to them. Hence, on increasing the volume of container and on leakage of some carbon dioxide gas from the container, the distance between molecules of carbon dioxide filled in a container will increase.

It will decrease on increasing air pressure or on adding more carbon dioxide in container.

An iron ball floats on mercury but gets immersed in water because the relative density of mercury is greater than the relative density of iron. However iron has a higher density than water, so it gets immersed in water. Thus statement (A) is correct but reason (R) is incorrect.