PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (Part-I)

11. Which of the following is NOT a part of a flower? [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 12.04.2022 (Shift-I)]

(a) Stamen
(b) Petiole
(c) Sepal
(d) Pistil

Correct Answer: (b) Petiole

Solution:Petiole -
The petiole is the stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem. The stamen, sepal, and pistil are all parts of a flower.

12. The development of a fruit without fertilization is called _____ . [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 4.03.2020 (Shift-II)]

(a) Parthenocarpy
(b) Gametogamy
(c) Apomixis
(d) Hybridogenesis

Correct Answer: (a) Parthenocarpy

Solution:Parthenocarpy -
Parthenocarpy is the development of a fruit without the fertilization of ovules. This results in seedless fruits.

13. _____ is a scientific discipline concerned with the study of plant pollen, spores, and certain microscopic planktonic organisms, in both living and fossil form. [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 6.06.2019 (Shift-II)]

(a) Dendrology
(b) Ethnobotany
(c) Palynology
(d) Paleobotany

Correct Answer: (c) Palynology

Solution: Palynology -
Palynology is the study of pollen grains, spores, and certain microscopic planktonic organisms, both living and fossilized.

14. Pollination by birds is called: [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 7.06.2019 (Shift-I)]

(a) Autogamy
(b) Ornithophily
(c) Anemophily
(d) Entomophily

Correct Answer: (b) Ornithophily

Solution:Ornithophily -
Pollination by birds is called ornithophily. Flowers adapted for bird pollination often have bright colors and produce nectar.

15. Bananas turn brown in color because— [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 18.02.2019 (Shift-I)]

(a) Enzyme present in banana reacts with air.
(b) An enzyme converts starch into sugar in it.
(c) Bisphosphonates react with enzymes in bananas.
(d) An enzyme converts the sugar in it to starch.

Correct Answer: (a) Enzyme present in banana reacts with air.

Solution: Enzyme present in banana reacts with air.
Bananas turn brown due to the enzymatic browning process. An enzyme called polyphenol oxidase (PPO) reacts with phenolic compounds in the banana flesh when exposed to oxygen in the air, producing melanin, which is brown.

16. What are the types of tissues of plants? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 9.08.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) 3
(b) 2
(c) 5
(d) 6

Correct Answer: (a) 3

Solution:There are mainly three types of permanent tissues of plants—(1) simple tissue, (2) complex tissues, and (3) Meristem tissue. Soft tissue and hard tissue are types of simple tissue. The xylem and phloem are examples of complex tissues.

17. Which tissue is responsible for the flexibility in plants? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 27.10.2021 (Shift-II)]

(a) Meristematic
(b) Parenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma
(d) Collenchyma

Correct Answer: (d) Collenchyma

Solution:Collenchyma tissue is responsible for flexibility in plants. These tissues are made up of long elongated thick-walled cells. This tissue provides support and flexibility to the stem, leaf veins, and stem of budding plants so that the plant does not break even when twisted.

18. Which part of plants conducts water in plants? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 16.09.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) leaves
(b) fruit
(c) flowers
(d) stem

Correct Answer: (d) stem

Solution:Stem -
While the transport of water occurs throughout the plant, the stem contains the vascular tissues (xylem) that are primarily responsible for conducting water from the roots to the leaves and other parts.

19. The xylem in plants are responsible for: [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 3.09.2016 (Shift-III)]

(a) Transport of water
(b) Transport of food
(c) Transport of amino acids
(d) Transport of oxygen

Correct Answer: (a) Transport of water

Solution:

Transport of water -
Xylem is the vascular tissue in plants that is responsible for the transport of water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

20. _____ part of xylem tissue in plants stores food. [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 01.12.2022 (Shift-I)]

(a) Vessels
(b) Xylem fibres
(c) Xylem parenchyma
(d) Tracheids

Correct Answer: (c) Xylem parenchyma

Solution:Xylem parenchyma -
Xylem parenchyma cells are the only living cells in xylem tissue and are involved in storing food materials like starch and fats, as well as in the lateral conduction of water.