Polity (Part-2) (CDS-Solved Paper)

Total Questions: 50

41. Which of the following statements with regard to Panchayats in India are correct? [Morning Shift-2017 (I)]

1. Seats in a Panchayat are filled by direct election from the territorial constituencies in the Panchayat area.
2. The Gram Sabha is the body of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village within the Panchayat area.
3. The Panchayats work on the principle of constitutional autonomy.
4. The State Legislature may by law endow the Panchayats with the power and authority to enable them to function.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below

Correct Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 4
Solution:

Panchayati Raj is the system of local self government in India as introduced by the Constitutional Amendment in 1992.

According to the Constitution (Seventy-Third Amendment) Act, 1992, Gram Sabha means a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of Panchayat at the village level.

All the seats in a Panchayat are filled by persons chosen by direct election from territorial constituencies in the Panchayat area.

Hence, statement 1 and 2 are correct. The legislature of a State may, by law, endow the Panchayats with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as institutions of self-government.

Hence, statement 4 is also correct. Within the constitutional framework, ‘Panchayats’ is a State subject. Hence, the Panchayat does not work on the principle of constitutional autonomy. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

42. Which of the following statement(s) regarding Indian federal system is/are correct? [Morning Shift-2017 (I)]

1. All States have equal representation in the Rajya Sabha.
2. Consent of a State is not required for altering its boundaries.
3. There is no dual citizenship in India.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below

Correct Answer: (b) 2 and 3
Solution:

Besides some federal features, the Constitution of India also has some unitary features as well. All states have no equal representation in the Rajya Sabha, because in India the states are given representation in the Rajya Sabha on the basis of population.

Hence, statement I is not correct. Thus, the number of representatives varies from state to state, for instance, Uttar Pradesh has 31 members whereas Tripura has only 1 member. This principle is considered as a safeguard for smaller states.

States in India also have no right to territorial integrity. The Parliament is empowered to change the area, boundaries or name of any state without their consent. Moreover, despite dual Polity, the Constitution of India adopted the system of single citizenship.

There is only Indian citizenship and no separate state citizenship.
Hence, option (b) is correct

43. Which of the following are the powers of the Supreme Court of India? [Morning Shift-2017 (I)]

1. Original jurisdiction in a dispute between the Government of India and one or more states.
2. The power to hear appeals from the High Courts.
3. Passing decrees and orders for doing justice in any matter before it.
4. Render advice to the President of India in matters of law.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below

Correct Answer: (a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Solution:

The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India. As the final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, it takes up appeals primarily against verdicts of the high courts of various state of the union.

The law declared by the Supreme Court becomes binding on all courts within India. Hence, option (a) is correct.

44. The Twelfth Five-Year Plan focused on inclusive growth. Which of the following were considered as challenges for inclusiveness? [Morning Shift-2017 (I)]

1. Poverty
2. Group inequality
3. Regional imbalance
4. Unemployment
Select the correct answer using the codes given below

Correct Answer: (a) 1, 3 and 4
Solution:

The inclusive growth is necessary for sustainable development and equitable distribution of wealth and prosperity. The challenges in most important elements of inclusive growth are agriculture, poverty and employment, social sector and regional.

Hence, Poverty, regional balance and unemployment are considered challenges for inclusiveness. Group inequality is not a challenge to inclusiveness.
Hence option (a) is correct.

45. Which of the following statements are correct about ‘Saakshar Bharat’ scheme? [Morning Shift-2017 (I)]

1. It is a centrally sponsored scheme which was launched during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan.
2. The scheme applies to women in particular and disadvantaged groups in general. 3. The scheme applies to persons above the age of 10 years.
4. The scheme is anchored with Panchayati Raj Institutions and Local Self-Government. Select the correct answer using the codes given below

Correct Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 4
Solution:

Saakshar Bharat scheme was launched on 8th September, 2009 during the 11th Five Year Plan, with an aim to raise literacy rate to 80%, to bridge gender gap to 10%.

The scheme is anchored with Panchayati Raj Institutions and Local Self-government to decrease regional and social disparities and to focus on women, SCs, STs, minorities and other disadvantaged groups.

It focused mainly on adult education, with emphasis on non-literates in the age group of 15-36 years. Hence, all statements are correct except statement 3.

46. Which of the following statements relating to the powers of the President of India is/are correct? [Morning Shift-2017 (I)]

1. The executive power of the Union shall be vested in the President.
2. The executive power shall be exercised by the President only through officers subordinate to him.
3. The Supreme Command of the defence forces of the Union shall be vested in the President.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below

Correct Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3
Solution:

Article 53 of the Constitution provides that the executive power of the Union is vested in the President and he shall exercise his power either directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution.

Supreme command of the Indian Armed Forces is vested in the President of India, although effective executive power and responsibility for national defence resides with the Cabinet of India headed by the Prime Minister.
Hence, statements 1, 2 and 3 are correct.

47. Which of the following statements regarding Article-21 of the Constitution of India is/are correct? [Morning Shift-2017 (I)]

1. Article 21 is violated when the under-trial prisoners are detained under judicial custody for an indefinite period.
2. Right to life is one of the basic human rights and not even the State has the authority to violate that right.
3. Under Article-21, the right of a woman to make reproductive choices is not a dimension of personal liberty.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below

Correct Answer: (b) 1 and 2
Solution:

Article 21 gets violated when the under trial prisoners are detained under judicial custody for an indefinite period. Right to life is one of the basic human rights and not even the state has the authority to violate that right.
Hence, statement 1 and 2 is correct. Women always have the right to make reproductive choices.
Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

48. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding Right to Education in India? [Morning Shift-2017 (I)]

1. Free and compulsory education should be provided to all children of the age of 6 to 14 years.
2. The imperative of the provision of the Right to Education Act, 2009 is that schools must have qualified teachers and basic infrastructure.
3. There should be quality education without any discrimination on the ground of economic, social and cultural background.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below

Correct Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3
Solution:

The Right of children to free and compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act is an act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4th August 2009.

It describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between the age of 6 to 14 years in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution.

This act provides that the states will ensure that no non-teaching work is given to the teachers. The act recommends quality teachers and mandates that untrained teachers will have to upgrade themselves in 5 years.

The act has listed minimum infrastructure requirements as a part of the schools and mandates the States to ensure that schools have these requirements.

The schools which don’t conform to the quality standards as mentioned in the Act, will upgrade themselves in 3 years or face derecognition.
Hence, all the statements are correct.

49. Which one of the following statements regarding freedom to manage religious affairs as per the Constitution of India is not correct? [Morning Shift-2017 (I)]

Correct Answer: (a) Every religious denomination shall have the right to manage its own affairs in matters of religion except some minor communities
Solution:

Article 30 of the India Constitution states the right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions. Article 30(1) says that all minorities, whether based on religion or language, shall have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.

Further, Article 30(1A) deals with the fixation of the amount for acquisition of property of any educational institution established by minority groups.

Article 30(2) states that the government should not discriminate against any educational institution on the ground that it is under the management of a minority, whether based on religion or language, while giving aid.

Hence, all options are correct except (a), as every religious denomination including minor communities shall have right to manage its own affairs.

50. Which one of the following statements relating to protection against arrest and detention of individuals under Article-22 is not correct? [Morning Shift-2017 (I)]

Correct Answer: (c) Every person, who is arrested and detained in custody, shall be produced before the nearest Magistrate within a period of one week of such arrest.
Solution:

Every person, who is arrested and detained in custody shall be produced before the nearest Magistrate within a period of twenty four hours of such arrest excluding the time necessary for the journey from the place of arrest to the court of the Magistrate and no such person shall be detained in custody beyond the said period without the authority of a Magistrate.
Hence, option (c) is not correct.