Solution:Under Article 352(1) of the Indian Constitution, the President can declare a state of Emergency if it appears to him that a situation of war, external aggression or armed rebellion exists. National emergency is mentioned in Article 352 of the Constitution of India, Emergency in States (President's rule) in Article 356 and Economic emergency in Article 360.
Types of Emergencies in Indian Constitution
The Indian Constitution provides for three types of emergencies as listed below:
National Emergency (Article 352)
- A National Emergency refers to an emergency that is imposed due to war, external aggression, or armed rebellion.
- The expression ‘Proclamation of Emergency‘ is used in the Constitution to denote this type of emergency.
President’s Rule (Article 356)
- President’s Rule refers to an emergency that is imposed due to the failure of the Constitutional Machinery in the States.
- It is also known by two other names – ‘State Emergency’ or ‘Constitutional Emergency’.
- However, the Constitution does not use the word ‘Emergency’ for this situation
Financial Emergency (Article 360)
A Financial Emergency refers to an emergency that is imposed due to a threat to the financial stability or credit of India.