Railway Science (Biology – Endocrine/Exocrine system)

Total Questions: 17

11. Endocrine glands are also called _______. [RRB Group D 23/10/2018 (Morning)]

Correct Answer: (b) Ductless gland
Solution:

Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream rather than through ducts. They include: Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Adrenal glands, and Pancreas.

12. During puberty, secretion in sweat glands and sebaceous glands increases. Which element is secreted from these glands at this time? [RRB Group D 23/10/2018 (Afternoon)]

Correct Answer: (a) sweat and oil
Solution:

Sebaceous glands : Sebum is an oily substance produced by these glands. Its main components are lipids like triglycerides, wax esters, and squalene. These lipids help maintain skin moisture and protect it from external factors.

13. Lactic acid is converted into glycogen most rapidly in ______. [RRB Group D 26/10/2018 (Afternoon)]

Correct Answer: (a) liver
Solution:

In the liver, gluconeogenesis occurs, which reverses both glycolysis and fermentation by converting lactate first into pyruvate, and finally back to glucose. The glucose is then supplied to the muscles through the bloodstream.

14. The structural unit of kidney is: [RRB Group D 26/10/2018 (Evening)]

Correct Answer: (d) Nephron
Solution:

Each kidney has nearly one million complex tubular structures called nephrons which is the functional unit of kidney and has two portions - glomerulus and renal tubule. “Nephrology" deals with the study of Kidney.

15. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the pituitary to start the ovulation process? [RRB Group D 4/12/2018 (Morning)]

Correct Answer: (a) Luteinising hormone
Solution:

Luteinising hormone - In women, it helps to control the menstrual Cycle. It is high during Ovulation. Ovulation - The process in which a mature egg is released from the ovary.
Estrogen is responsible for development of the female body and the secondary sex characteristics. Progesterone is responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and supporting pregnancy.
Thyroid - A butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck. It produces hormones that play a key role in regulating blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, metabolism.

16. The prostate gland is located below the ______. [RRB Group D 13/12/2018 (Morning)]

Correct Answer: (a) Bladder
Solution:

The prostate gland surrounds the top portion of the tube that drains urine from the bladder (urethra). The prostate's primary function is to produce the fluid that nourishes and transports sperm (seminal fluid).

17. _____ is not an endocrine gland in humans. [RRB ALP Tier - I (10/08/2018)Evening]

Correct Answer: (d) The liver
Solution:

Endocrine gland - An organ that makes hormones that are released directly into the blood and travel to tissues and organs all over the body. Examples - Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Parathyroid glands, Adrenal glands, Pancreas, Gonads and Pineal gland.
Liver (Largest solid organ in the body) - Its roles include detoxification, protein synthesis and producing digestive enzymes. It is part of the digestive system.