Railway Science (Biology – Miscellaneous)

Total Questions: 50

1. The table below shows the differences between the structure and function of plants and animals. Which option shows the INCORRECT statement? [RRC Group D 18/08/2022 (Morning)]

Correct Answer: (b) d
Solution:

Plants do not move while animals move in search of food, and shelter. Animals have living tissues like nervous, connective, muscle tissue, etc. Plants need less energy than Animals.

2. Many scientists before Mendel had started studying the inheritance of traits in peas and other organisms, but Mendel succeeded in giving the laws of Inheritance. Some reasons for Mendel's success are mentioned below. All are correct except one. Select the INCORRECT reasoning? [RRC Group D 22/08/2022 (Afternoon)]

Correct Answer: (b) He worked with a small sample size.
Solution:

Gregor John Mendel (father of Modern genetics) did some experiments on pea plants from 1856 to 1863. Reasons for Mendel's success - Mendel experimented with large sampling sizes, confirmed his inferences from several generations of plants, and presented his work in the form of mathematical formulae.

3. Given below are some conclusions of Mendel’s work on pea plants. All of them are correct except one. Select the INCORRECT conclusions. [RRC Group D 23/08/2022 (Morning)]

Correct Answer: (c) Each gamete has two copies of the same gene.
Solution:

Each gamete contains a single copy of every chromosome, and each chromosome contains one allele for every gene. Law of inheritance proposed - Gregor Mendel in 1865 after conducting experiments on pea plants for seven years.

4. Which branch of biology focuses on the study of inheritance patterns? [RRC Group D 23/08/2022 (Evening)]

Correct Answer: (c) genetics
Solution:

Genetics is the study of heredity and variations. Gene - basic unit of Heredity. Developmental biology - study of the process by which animals and plants grow and develop. Anthropology - study of the origin and development of human societies and cultures. Biotechnology - technology that utilizes biological systems to develop or create different products. Example - genetic engineering.

5. If a woman is planning to raise a family, then which of the following will not be helpful for her? [RRC Group D 29/08/2022 (Morning)]

Correct Answer: (d) Smoking and alcohol consumption
Solution:

For women, alcohol can put them at greater risk of breast cancer and negatively affect fertility. It can also increase some side-effects of the menopause. Drinking alcohol, smoking or taking drugs during pregnancy or while breastfeeding can also affect the child's health.

6. Which of the following combinations is an example of a balanced meal? [RRC Group D 01/09/2022 (Morning)]

Correct Answer: (c) Roti, pulses, vegetables
Solution:

Balanced Diet- A diet, which comprises adequate amounts of necessary nutrients required for a healthy growth and development of our body. It includes both sufficient and nutritious food to ensure good health.

7. What is a possible reason for young females becoming teen mothers? [RRC Group D 02/09/2022 (Afternoon)]

Correct Answer: (b) Familial and societal pressure
Solution:

Teenage pregnancy refers to female adolescents becoming pregnant between the ages of 13-19. Teenage pregnancies are related to social issues, including lower educational levels, poverty etc.

8. Locally known as _____ in India, the fruit of 'Emblica officinalis’ is used in the manufacture of Chyavanprash. [RRC Group D 05/09/2022 (Afternoon)]

Correct Answer: (b) amla
Solution:

It is an important herbal Medicinal plant used in unani and ayurvedic systems of medicine and also used as tonic to build up lost vitality and vigor. Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) - its flowers used to produce the local alcoholic drink. Neem (Azadirachta indica) - used in Chinese, Ayurvedic, and Unani medicines.

9. Match the following: [Group D 05/09/2022 (Afternoon)]

Correct Answer: (c) i-c, ii-a, iii-b
Solution:

The pH of the human body ranges - 7 to 7.8, with the average at 7.40. The pH of the acid rain drops below 5.6 and it becomes ~ 4.2 – 4.4.
It mostly occurs due to the presence of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen in the atmosphere as nitrogen and sulphur oxides react with water vapour to form acids. When the pH in the mouth falls below 5.5, Bacteria present in the mouth produce acid by degradation of sugar and food particles which remain in the mouth after eating. The acid produced in the mouth attacks the enamel thereby, creating tooth decay.

10. Study the figures A and B carefully. What is the reason for the increase in volume in dough B? [RRC Group D 08/09/2022 (Evening)]

Correct Answer: (b) 𝐢𝑂₂ produced during respiration increases the volume
Solution:

Carbon dioxide gas is trapped by gluten proteins which causes dough to rise. Yeast is also used for production of alcohol and wine. Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and releases less energy but more quickly than aerobic respiration.