Railway Science (Environment – Miscellaneous)

Headquarter: Bonn, Germany. It is an independent intergovernmental body which provides policymakers with objective scientific assessments about the state of knowledge regarding the planet's biodiversity, ecosystems and the benefits.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Formed - 1988; Headquarters - Geneva, Switzerland) and Al Gore (Former Vice President of the United States). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - It is an international organization for assessing the scientific basis related to climate change. World Wide Fund For Nature (Formed - 1961; Headquarters - Switzerland) - Works in the field of wilderness preservation and the reduction of human impact on the environment. Greenpeace (Formed - 1971; Headquarters - Amsterdam, Netherlands) - Its goal is to ensure the ability of the Earth to nurture life in all its diversity. Sierra Club (Founded - 28 May 1892; Headquarters - California, US) - An American environmental organization founded by John Muir.

Wangari Mathai (2004):- Nobel Peace Prize winner for her contribution to sustainable development, democracy, and peace. Nobel Prize winner in Physiology or Medicine: Francoise Barre (2008) - Discovered a retrovirus in patients with swollen lymph glands that attacked lymphocytes. Linda Buck (2004):- Discoveries of odorant receptors. May-Britt Moser (2014):- Discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain.

UNEP: Headquarters - Nairobi (Kenya). Founded - 5 June 1972. Aim - To provide leadership and encourage partnership in caring for the environment by inspiring, informing, and enabling nations and peoples to improve their quality of life without compromising that of future generations. World Environment Day - 5 June.

Headquarter of Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI): Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It derives its legal structure from the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960. It was established in 1962.

Due to the species' smaller population size, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has categorized it as critically endangered, thus on the brink of extinction from the wild. Other species and their scientific names - Crow (Corvus), Common Cuckoo (Cuculus Canorus), Peacock (Pavo cristatus).

UNCED (The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development) - It is also known as the Rio Summit, the Rio Conference, and the Earth Summit. It was a major United Nations conference held in Rio de Janeiro from June 3 to June 14, 1992.

Government has launched the Green Mahanadi Mission. It is a plantation drive under which over two crore trees will be planted along the rivers in the state on the Mahanadi river basin.

It releases a report which focuses on key climate indicators – Greenhouse Gasses, Temperatures, Sea level rise, Ocean Heat and Acidification, Sea ice and Glaciers, and the impact of Climate Change and extreme weather. Established in 1950, Headquarter - Geneva (Switzerland).

The objective of the National Green Tribunal Act (NGT) - Disposal of civil cases in relation to environmental protection and also for the conservation of natural resources. NGT Chairperson is appointed by the Central Government in consultation with the Chief Justice of India (CJI).