Railway Science (Environment – Miscellaneous)

It was discovered by Joseph Priestly in 1774. Gasses in Earth's atmosphere - Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Argon (0.93%), Carbon dioxide (0.04%). Trace amounts of neon, helium, methane, krypton and hydrogen, as well as water vapor are present in the atmosphere.

Wildlife Crime Control Bureau - To combat organised wildlife crime in the country. It was established under Section 38 (Z) of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972. Five regional offices: Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai and Jabalpur. The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 - The Act provides for the protection of wild animals, birds and plants; and for matters connected therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto. Enacted - 9 September 1972.

Brundtland Report, also called Our Common Future, a publication released in 1987 by (WCED) that introduced the concept of sustainable development and described how it could be achieved.

United States Environmental Protection Agency - An independent executive agency of the United States federal government tasked with environmental protection matters. Headquarters - Washington, D.C., United state.

Camouflage (Cryptic coloration) is a defense mechanism or tactic that is used to disguise their appearance. Camouflage Animals - Scorpionfish, Nightjar, Crab Spider, Giraffe, Leopard, Arctic Hare, Arctic Fox, Owl, Cuttlefish, Flounder.

Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate insecticide, acaricide and miticide used primarily to control foliage and soil-borne insect pests. Malathion is a man-made organophosphate insecticide. Clothianidin controls sucking and some chewing insects, such as aphids, thrips, and beetles.

2,4-D - a herbicide that controls broadleaf weeds. Herbicides (weedkillers), are substances used to control unwanted plants.
DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane): It is an insecticide used in agriculture. The United States banned the use of DDT in 1972. Use - To control mosquitoes that spread malaria.

Minamata Convention - named after the city of Minamata, Japan, where a severe case of mercury poisoning occurred in the mid-20th century due to industrial pollution. Minamata disease is a chronic neurological disorder caused by Methylmercury, a heavy metal with many industrial uses.

The main features of Joint Forest Management - To protect the forests from encroachments, grazing, theft and fire. Under this programme, local communities are involved in the management and restoration of degraded forests. It was started by foresters in the state of West Bengal, in 1988.

Earth Hour only asks people to turn off any non-essential lights for one hour. It is a global initiative by the World Wide Fund for nature to raise awareness about climate change. Earth Hour is observed on the last Saturday of March each year, Organized in India since 2009.