Reading Comprehension (Part-5) (CDS-Solved Paper)

Total Questions: 33

11. Exchange of goods becomes possible only when [Evening Shift-2014 (II)]

Correct Answer: (b) goods are produced in surplus
Solution:

Exchange of goods becomes possible only when goods are produced in surplus.

12. Specialisation and exchange began when men started [Evening Shift-2014 (II)]

Correct Answer: (d) living in communities
Solution:

Specialisation and exchange began hen men started living in communities.

13. Exchange of goods and services becomes necessary because [Evening Shift-2014 (II)]

Correct Answer: (d) we cannot produce everything we need ourselves
Solution:

Exchange of goods and services becomes necessary because we cannot produce everything we need ourselves.

14. Directions (Q.Nos. 14-18) Read a passage carefully and answer the items based on it. [Evening Shift-2014 (II)]

Passage 50

Soil scientists have shown that the soil teems with millions of living things. many of them useful, others harmful. The living things which are useful include earthworms and various kinds of bacteria. Earthworms loosen the soil and so enable air and water to enter it.

Bacteria, which are microscopic living things breakdown dead plants and animals and make humus, or take nitrogen from the air and change it into substances that plants use.

The living things that do harm include other bacteria and fungi which cause diseases. Other harmful things are pests such as wire worms which feed on the roots of grass and other plants.

While the farmer can usually keep weeds in check by careful cultivation, this alone may not protect his crops from insects, pests and diseases. Now-a-days, however, he is much better able to control these enemies.

He may plant specially resistant types of seeds or he may keep the pests and diseases in check with chemicals. With better seeds farmers have been able to increase their crop yields. They can grow crops that ripen more quickly and have a stronger resistance to disease, frost or drought.

Scientists who study soil believe that

Correct Answer: (d) not all worms and bacteria are harmful
Solution:

Soil scientists believe that not all worms and bacteria are harmful.

15. The living things that do harm [Evening Shift-2014 (II)]

Correct Answer: (c) cause diseases in the plants
Solution:

The living things that do harm cause disease in the plants, as stated in the fifth line of the passage.

16. Farmers are always careful [Evening Shift-2014 (II)]

Correct Answer: (a) to control insects and fungi that attack plants
Solution:

Farmers are always careful to control insects, fungi and bacteria that attack plants.

17. Now-a-days, it is possible to reduce the loss caused by pests and harmful bacteria [Evening Shift-2014 (II)]

Correct Answer: (b) through the development of resistant seeds
Solution:

Now-a-days, it is possible to reduce the loss caused by pests and harmful bacteria with resistant types of seeds.

18. The farmers today can also select seeds [Evening Shift-2014 (II)]

Correct Answer: (b) resistant to frost and drought
Solution:

The farmers today can also select seeds resistant to frost and drought, as stated in the last line of the passage.

19. Directions (Q.Nos. 19-21) Read a passage carefully and answer the items based on it. [Morning Shift-2014 (I)]

Passage 51

Those responsible for teaching young people have resorted to a variety of means to make their pupils learn. The earliest of these was the threat of punishment.

This meant that the pupil who was slow, careless or inattentive risked either physical chastisement or the loss of some expected privilege. Learning was thus associated with fear.

At a later period, pupils were encouraged to learn in the hope of some kind of reward. This often took the form of marks awarded for work done and sometimes of prizes given at the end of the year to the best scholar.

Such a system appealed to the competitive spirit, but was just as depressing as the older system for the slow pupil.

In the 19th century sprang up a new type of teacher, convinced that learning was worthwhile for its own sake and that the young pupil’s principal stimulus should neither be anxiety to avoid a penalty nor ambition to win a reward, but sheer desire to learn. Interest, direct or indirect, became the keyword of instruction.

The educational system which caused fear in the second mind was based on

Correct Answer: (c) punishment
Solution:

Punishment

20. The system based on rewards satisfied all except [Morning Shift-2014 (I)]

Correct Answer: (a) the slow pupil
Solution:

Option (a) is the correct answer.