Solution:Limit state of collapse : Flexure Assumptions–
(a) Plain sections normal to the axis remain plane after bending.
(b) The maximum strain in concrete at the outmost compression fiber is taken as 0.0035 in bending.
(c) The relationship between the compressive stress distribution in concrete and the strain in concrete may be assumed to be rectangle, trapezoid, parabola or any other shape which results in prediction of strength in substantial agreement with the result of test.
(d) For design purposes, the compressive strength of concrete in the structure shall be assumed to be 0.67 times the characteristic strength. The partial safety factor γₘ = 1.5 shall be applied in addition to this.
(e) The tensile strength of the concrete is ignored.