Revolutionary Movements in India (Part-I)

21. Who among the following organized the society of revolutionaries, 'Abhinav Bharat'? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]

(a) Jatindra Nath Mukherjee
(b) Madan Lal Dhingra
(c) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
(d) Lala Hardayal

Correct Answer: (c) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar

Solution:Abhinav Bharat was set up in 1904 in Nasik, Maharashtra. The society welcomed several hundred revolutionaries and political activists. The Savarkars were found guilty and sentenced to prison after a number of attempts to kill British officials. The Young India Society was established in Nashik as the "Mitra Mela" while Vinayak Savarkar was still a student at Fergusson College in Pune. It eventually included several hundred revolutionaries and political activists. It even had branches throughout India, eventually expanding to London after Savarkar moved there to pursue a legal education.

22. The Secret Society founded by V.D. Savarkar was – [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl) (Pre) 2010 U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010]

(a) Yugantar Samiti
(b) Anushilan Committee
(c) Hindustan Republican Association
(d) Abhinav Bharat

Correct Answer: (d) Abhinav Bharat

Solution:Abhinav Bharat was set up in 1904 in Nasik, Maharashtra. The society welcomed several hundred revolutionaries and political activists. The Savarkars were found guilty and sentenced to prison after a number of attempts to kill British officials. The Young India Society was established in Nashik as the "Mitra Mela" while Vinayak Savarkar was still a student at Fergusson College in Pune. It eventually included several hundred revolutionaries and political activists. It even had branches throughout India, eventually expanding to London after Savarkar moved there to pursue a legal education.

23. An anti-British outfit 'Abhinava Bharat' was founded by – [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]

(a) R.G. Bhandarkar
(b) V.D. Savarkar
(c) S.R. Das
(d) Sardar Bhagat Singh

Correct Answer: (b) V.D. Savarkar

Solution:Abhinav Bharat was set up in 1904 in Nasik, Maharashtra. The society welcomed several hundred revolutionaries and political activists. The Savarkars were found guilty and sentenced to prison after a number of attempts to kill British officials. The Young India Society was established in Nashik as the "Mitra Mela" while Vinayak Savarkar was still a student at Fergusson College in Pune. It eventually included several hundred revolutionaries and political activists. It even had branches throughout India, eventually expanding to London after Savarkar moved there to pursue a legal education.

24. Who founded Abhinav Bharat society in 1906 in London? [66th B.P.S.C. Re-Exam (Pre) 2020]

Correct Answer: (a) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar

Solution:V.D. Savarkar established a branch of Abhinav Bharat Society in 1906 at India house, London. The society welcomed several hundred revolutionaries and political activists. The Savarkars were found guilty and sentenced to prison after a number of attempts to kill British officials. The Young India Society was established in Nashik as the "Mitra Mela" while Vinayak Savarkar was still a student at Fergusson College in Pune. It eventually included several hundred revolutionaries and political activists. It even had branches throughout India, eventually expanding to London after Savarkar moved there to pursue a legal education.

25. Which amongst the following statements is/are true about V.D. Savarkar? [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Re. Exam) (Pre) 2013]

(i) He founded Abhinav Bharat - A revolutionary organization.
(ii) In order to inspire Indian nationalists, he wrote the biography of Mazzini.
(iii) He also authored "The Indian War of Independence - 1857" which provides a nationalist view of the revolt of 1857.
(iv) He jumped into the sea from the sailing ship in order to escape British captivity.

Choose the correct answer:

(a) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(b) Only (iii) and (iv)
(c) Only (i), (iii) and (iv)
(d) Only (i) and (iv)

Correct Answer: (a) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Solution:During his college education in Pune, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar founded the "Abhinav Bharat Society." Savarkar wrote the book 'The Indian War of Independence 1857'. He analyzed the circumstances of the 1857 uprising and assailed British rule in India as unjust and oppressive. It was via this book that Savarkar became one of the first writers to allude to the uprising as India's 'First War for Independence'. To inspire Indian nationalists, he wrote the biography of Mazzini. Savarkar was arrested and was deported to India from England through the ship. He made a plan to escape by ship and told his friend to keep track of the ship. He escaped and jumped into the sea from the sailing ship but was re-arrested as the alarm was raised. Thus, all the given options are correct.

26. In which year was the Rashtriya Swayamsewak Sangh founded by Hedgewar? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

(a) 1927
(b) 1929
(c) 1924
(d) 1925

Correct Answer: (d) 1925

Solution:Rashtriya Swayamsewak Sangh was founded by Keshav Baliram Hedgewar on 27 September 1925 at Nagpur. It was founded as a social organization to provide training and to unite the Hindu community. The headquarters is situated in Nagpur.

27. Which revolutionaries were hanged in the 'Kakori Train Robbery Case'? [65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]

(a) Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqulla
(b) Veer Savarkar and Vasudev Chapekar
(c) Prafulla Chandra Chaki and Khudiram Bose
(d) Surya Sen and Udham Singh
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above

Correct Answer: (a) Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqulla

Solution:Shachindra Nath Sanyal, Ram Prasad 'Bismil,' and Chandra Shekhar Azad established the revolutionary institution Hindustan Republican Association in October 1924. The treasury of the Government was looted by this organization at Kakori, a place in the Lucknow-Saharanpur section of the northern railway, on 9 August 1925. This incident is known as the Kakori Conspiracy (Kakori Train Action). 43 revolutionaries were arrested, in which Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah, Roshan Singh, and Rajendra Lahiri were hanged, while Azad escaped. Azad was the only member of HRA who was never arrested by the British Government.

28. Who among the following was the sole revolutionary of the "Kakori Conspiracy Case" who escaped from arrest by the police? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) (Mains) 2006,2011]

(a) Ashfaqulla Khan
(b) Roshan Singh
(c) Ram Prasad Bismil
(d) Chandrashekhar Azad

Correct Answer: (d) Chandrashekhar Azad

Solution:Shachindra Nath Sanyal, Ram Prasad 'Bismil,' and Chandra Shekhar Azad established the revolutionary institution Hindustan Republican Association in October 1924. The treasury of the Government was looted by this organization at Kakori, a place in the Lucknow-Saharanpur section of the northern railway, on 9 August 1925. This incident is known as the Kakori Conspiracy (Kakori Train Action). 43 revolutionaries were arrested, in which Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah, Roshan Singh, and Rajendra Lahiri were hanged, while Azad escaped. Azad was the only member of HRA who was never arrested by the British Government.

29. Who among the following was not associated with the Kakori incident? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Ram Prasad Bismil
(b) Surya Sen
(c) Rajendra Lahiri
(d) Ashfaq Ullah

Correct Answer: (b) Surya Sen

Solution:Surya Sen was not associated with the Kakori incident. The raiders in Kakori Conspiracy were known to be members of the newly formed Hindustan Republican Association, a revolutionary organization, later renamed as Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), whose mission was to liberate India from British colonial rule through a revolution which included armed rebellion. The robbery was planned by Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan. It was executed by Bismil, Khan, Chandrashekhar Azad, Rajendra Lahiri, Shachindra Bakshi, Keshab Chakravarty, Murari Lal Khanna (Gupta), Banwari Lal, Mukundi Lal Gupta and Manmathnath Gupta. The target was the guard cabin, carrying money collected from various railway stations to be deposited in Lucknow. Though no passengers were targeted by the revolutionaries, one passenger named Ahmed Ali was killed in the crossfire between the guards and revolutionaries. This made it a manslaughter case.

30. Among the following revolutionaries not associated with Kakori Conspiracy— [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]

(a) Ram Prasad Bismil
(b) Roshan Singh
(c) Bhagat Singh
(d) Asfaqullah Khan

Correct Answer: (c) Bhagat Singh

Solution:Bhagat Singh was not associated with Kakori conspiracy (Kakori train action ).The raiders in Kakori Conspiracy were known to be members of the newly formed Hindustan Republican Association, a revolutionary organization, later renamed as Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), whose mission was to liberate India from British colonial rule through a revolution which included armed rebellion. The robbery was planned by Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan. It was executed by Bismil, Khan, Chandrashekhar Azad, Rajendra Lahiri, Shachindra Bakshi, Keshab Chakravarty, Murari Lal Khanna (Gupta), Banwari Lal, Mukundi Lal Gupta and Manmathnath Gupta. The target was the guard cabin, carrying money collected from various railway stations to be deposited in Lucknow. Though no passengers were targeted by the revolutionaries, one passenger named Ahmed Ali was killed in the crossfire between the guards and revolutionaries. This made it a manslaughter case.