Rock and Topography

1. Which of the following is NOT a type of rock? [S.S.C. JE Mechanical Exams 22.03.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Igneous
(b) Ox-bow
(c) Sedimentary
(d) Metamorphic

Correct Answer: (b) Ox-bow

Solution:An oxbow is a crescent-shaped lake lying alongside a winding river. The oxbow lake was created over time as erosion and deposits of the soil changed the river's course.

2. Batholith is a type of: [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 16.10.2020 (Shift-I)]

(a) Valley
(b) Secondary pollutant
(c) Igneous rocks
(d) Ocean current

Correct Answer: (c) Igneous rocks

Solution:The batholith is a type of igneous rock. Batholith forms when magma rises into the earth's crust. Batholith formed under the Earth's surface by the intrusion and solidification of magma. It does not erupt onto the surface. It is commonly composed of rocks like granite or granodiorite.

3. The ___ is responsible for Earth's magnetic field. [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 16.10.2020 (Shift-I)]

(a) Mantle
(b) Inner Core
(c) Outer Core
(d) Crust

Correct Answer: (c) Outer Core

Solution:The outer core is responsible for the Earth's magnetic field. The outer core of the earth is in a liquid state.

4. Slate is a type of rock. [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 16.10.2020 (Shift-II)]

(a) Sedimentary
(b) Volcanic
(c) Igneous
(d) Metamorphic

Correct Answer: (d) Metamorphic

Solution:Slate is a fine grained metamorphic rock that exhibits a foliation called slaty cleavage, which is the flat orientation of the tiny platy crystals of mica and chlorite forming perpendicular to the direction of stress.

5. Laterite soil is rich in : [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 17.03.2020 (Shift-I)]

(a) Phosphorus
(b) Potassium
(c) Calcium Carbonate
(d) Iron Oxide

Correct Answer: (d) Iron Oxide

Solution:Laterite soil is rich in aluminum and iron, formed in wet and hot tropical areas. Almost all laterites are rusty red due to the presence of iron oxides.

6. Which of the following is NOT a coastal landform? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 19.08.2019 (Shift-I)]

(a) Sea Cliff
(b) Sea Caves
(c) Sea Stacks
(d) Moraines

Correct Answer: (d) Moraines

Solution:Moraines are NOT a coastal landform. When glacial ice melts, different types of rock are laid down that have been carried along by the glacier. Piles of these deposits are called moraines

7. Which one of the following is the deepest gorge in the world? [S.S.C. Online C.G.L. (T-I) 12.06.2019(Shift-III)]

(a) Kali Gandaki Gorge
(b) Vikos Gorge
(c) Tiger Leaping Gorge
(d) Garganta del Cares

Correct Answer: (a) Kali Gandaki Gorge

Solution:Kali Gandaki Gorge is the deepest gorge in the world. It is situated in Nepal.

8. A scientific study of rocks that deals with their composition, texture and structure; their occurrence and distribution; and their origin in relation to physicochemical conditions is called [S.S.C. Online C.G.L. (T-I) 12.06.2019(Shift-III)]

(a) Geology
(b) Petrology
(c) Lithology
(d) Geomorphology

Correct Answer: (b) Petrology

Solution:A scientific study of rocks that deals with their composition, texture and structure; their occurrence and distribution; and their origin in relation to physicochemical conditions is called petrology.

9. The tidal mouth of a river where fresh and saline water get mixed is known as aan ____ . [S.S.C. Online C.G.L. (T-I) 7 2020 (Shift-II)]

(a) Gorge
(b) Estuary
(c) Archipelago
(d) Fold

Correct Answer: (b) Estuary

Solution:The tidal mouth of a river where fresh and saline water gets mixed is known as an Estuary. There are four different kinds of estuaries:

Coastal plain estuaries

Tectonic estuaries

Bar-built estuaries

Fjord estuaries.

10. Which of the following is the outermost solid part of the Earth? [S.S.C. Online C.G.L. (T-I) 7 2020 (Shift-III)]

(a) Crust
(b) Mantle
(c) Core
(d) Caldera

Correct Answer: (a) Crust

Solution:The outermost solid part of the Earth is called the crust. The mantle is followed by the crust and the core is located after the mantle.