Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919)

11. Which important event immediately preceded the Jallianwala Bagh massacre? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]

(a) Non-Cooperation Movement
(b) Enactment of Rowlatt Act
(c) Communal Award
(d) Arrival of Simon Commission

Correct Answer: (b) Enactment of Rowlatt Act

Solution:The Rowlatt Act was enacted in March 1919. In protest to this, Gandhiji had organized a country-wide strike on April 06, 1919. Brigadier General Dyer orchestrated the brutal killing on April 13, 1919, at Jallianwala Bagh. The Non-Cooperation Movement (start) took place in 1920, Communal Award in 1932, and Simon Commission came to India in 1928.

12. The massacre of the crowd at Jallianwala Bagh at Amritsar took place on: [46th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2003]

(a) May 5, 1918
(b) April 1, 1919
(c) April 13, 1919
(d) July 29, 1919

Correct Answer: (c) April 13, 1919

Solution:Jallianwala Bagh Massacre or Amritsar massacre was an important incident in the history of the Indian Freedom Movement during the British rule. On April 13, 1919, the infamous Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. On that day, a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the Government’s new repressive measures and to protest against the arrest of two famous leaders of Punjab, Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr. Satyapal. Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Being outside the city, many villagers were unaware of the martial law that had been imposed. Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing thousands of people.

13. Who suggested launching of no tax campaign as a protest against Rowlatt Act? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]

(a) Abul Kalam Azad
(b) Gandhiji
(c) Rabindranath Tagore
(d) Swami Shraddhanand

Correct Answer: (d) Swami Shraddhanand

Solution:The Rowlatt Act was also called as an Act without a lawyer, without appeal, without a plea, or Black Law. According to this Act, the British Government was free to arrest and imprison suspects without trial. In protest to this Act, Swami Shraddhananda suggested starting the Movement with the non-payment of Lagaan (Rent).

14. The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre happened in the context of which Gandhian Satyagraha? [B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2018]

Correct Answer: (b) Rowlatt Satyagraha

Solution:Jallianwala Bagh Massacre or Amritsar massacre was an important incident in the history of the Indian Freedom Movement during the British rule. On April 13, 1919, the infamous Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. On that day, a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the Government’s new repressive measures and to protest against the arrest of two famous leaders of Punjab, Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr. Satyapal. Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Being outside the city, many villagers were unaware of the martial law that had been imposed. Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing thousands of people.

15. The year 1919 in Indian history is related to: [38th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1992]

(a) For the transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi
(b) For the tragedy of Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
(c) Partition of Bengal
(d) Khilafat Movement

Correct Answer: (b) For the tragedy of Jallianwala Bagh Massacre

Solution:Jallianwala Bagh Massacre or Amritsar massacre was an important incident in the history of the Indian Freedom Movement during the British rule. On April 13, 1919, the infamous Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. On that day, a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the Government’s new repressive measures and to protest against the arrest of two famous leaders of Punjab, Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr. Satyapal. Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Being outside the city, many villagers were unaware of the martial law that had been imposed. Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing thousands of people.

16. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place in the city: [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]

(a) Meerut
(b) Agra
(c) Amritsar
(d) Lahore

Correct Answer: (c) Amritsar

Solution:Jallianwala Bagh Massacre or Amritsar massacre was an important incident in the history of the Indian Freedom Movement during the British rule. On April 13, 1919, the infamous Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. On that day, a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the Government’s new repressive measures and to protest against the arrest of two famous leaders of Punjab, Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr. Satyapal. Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Being outside the city, many villagers were unaware of the martial law that had been imposed. Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing thousands of people.

17. General Dyer's name is associated with which of the following event? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1993]

(a) Black Hole of Calcutta
(b) Battle of Rani Durgavati
(c) Battle of 1857
(d) Jallianwala Bagh

Correct Answer: (d) Jallianwala Bagh

Solution:Jallianwala Bagh Massacre or Amritsar massacre was an important incident in the history of the Indian Freedom Movement during the British rule. On April 13, 1919, the infamous Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. On that day, a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the Government’s new repressive measures and to protest against the arrest of two famous leaders of Punjab, Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr. Satyapal. Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Being outside the city, many villagers were unaware of the martial law that had been imposed. Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing thousands of people.

18. During the Indian freedom struggle, a large unarmed crowd gathered in Jallianwala Bagh at Amritsar on April 13, 1919, to protest against the arrest of: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Swami Shraddhanand and Mazharul Haq
(b) Madan Mohan Malviya and Mohammad Ali Jinnah
(c) Mahatma Gandhi and Abul Kalam Azad
(d) Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlu and Dr. Satyapal

Correct Answer: (d) Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlu and Dr. Satyapal

Solution:Jallianwala Bagh Massacre or Amritsar massacre was an important incident in the history of the Indian Freedom Movement during the British rule. On April 13, 1919, the infamous Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. On that day, a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the Government’s new repressive measures and to protest against the arrest of two famous leaders of Punjab, Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr. Satyapal. Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Being outside the city, many villagers were unaware of the martial law that had been imposed. Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing thousands of people.

19. Why did people gather to demonstrate at Jallianwala Bagh? [48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]

(a) To protest against the arrest of Gandhi and Lajpat Rai
(b) To protest against the arrest of Kitchlu and Satyapal
(c) To offer prayers on the Baisakhi Day
(d) To protest against the arbitrary and inhuman acts of the Punjab Government

Correct Answer: (b) To protest against the arrest of Kitchlu and Satyapal

Solution:Jallianwala Bagh Massacre or Amritsar massacre was an important incident in the history of the Indian Freedom Movement during the British rule. On April 13, 1919, the infamous Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. On that day, a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the Government’s new repressive measures and to protest against the arrest of two famous leaders of Punjab, Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr. Satyapal. Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Being outside the city, many villagers were unaware of the martial law that had been imposed. Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing thousands of people.

20. Select the correct sequence of the following events by using the codes given below: [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2003 U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl.) (Pre) 2002]

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Dr. Satyapal’s incarceration
Amritsar Congress Session, 1919

Code:

(a) 2, 1, 3
(b) 1, 2, 3
(c) 3, 2, 1
(d) 3, 1, 2

Correct Answer: (a) 2, 1, 3

Solution:Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr. Satyapal were popular leaders who were arrested by the Deputy Commissioner of Amritsar on April 9, 1919. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place on April 13, 1919, and the Amritsar Session of the Congress was held in December, 1919.