Science and Technology (Part-II)

Total Questions: 50

11. Microbial fuel cells are considered a source of sustainable energy. Why? [2011-1]

1. They use living organisms as catalysts to generate electricity from certain substrates.

2. They use a variety of inorganic materials as substrates.

3. They can be installed in waste water treatment plants to cleanse water and produce electricity.

Which of the following statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) I only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution:Atypical microbial fuel cell consists of anode and cathode compartments separated by a cation positively charged ion specific membrane. In the anode compartment fuel is oxidized by microorganisms generating electrons and protons. Electrons are transferred to the cathode compartment through an external electric circuit while protons are transferred to the cathode compartment through the membrane. Electrons and protons are consumed in the cathode compartment combining with oxygen to form water.

12. With reference to 'stem cells', frequently in the news, which of the following statements is/are correct? [2012-1]

1. Stem cells can be derived from mammals only.

2. Stem cells can be used for screening new drugs.

3. Stem cells can be used for medical therapies.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only

Solution:Stem cells can be used for medical therapies also can be used for screening new drugs.

13. What are the reasons for the people's resistance to the introduction of Bt brinjal in India? [2012-1]

1. Bt brinjal has been created by inserting a gene from a soil fungus into its genome.

2. The seeds of Bt brinjal are terminator seeds and therefore, the farmers have to buy the seeds before every season from the seed companies.

3. There is an apprehension that the consumption of Bt brinjal may have adverse impact on health.

4. There is some concern that the introduction of Bt brinjal may have adverse effect on the biodiversity.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (c) 3 and 4 only

Solution:Bt Brinjal is created by inserting the Cry 1 Ac gene from the soil bacterium bacillus thuringiensis into Brinja. Seeds from Bt brinjal open-pollinated varieties will be free for farmers to save and replant as they wish. They have not terminated seeds.

14. Other than resistance to pests, what are the prospects for which genetically engineered plants have been created? [2012-1]

1. To enable them to withstand drought

2. To increase the nutritive value of the produce

3. To enable them to grow and do photosynthesis in spaceships and space stations

4. To increase their shelf life

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 4 only

Solution:Except 3rd, all the statements are correct.

15. Mycorrhizal biotechnology has been used in rehabilitating degraded sites because mycorrhiza enables the plants to : [2013-1]

1. resist drought and increase absorptive area

2. tolerate extremes of pH

3. resist disease infestation

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 & 3 only
(c) 1 & 3 only
(d) 1, 2 & 3

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2 & 3

Solution:Mycorrhizal associations play vital role in plant nutrition. They greatly increase the efficiency of nutrient and water uptake; enhance resistance to pathogens, and buffer plant species against several environmental stresses and drought resistance. Mycorrhizal also improve plant growth and survival in soils contaminated by heavy metals.

16. Recombinant DNA technology (Genetic Engineering) allows genes to be transferred : [2013-1]

1. across different species of plants

2. from animals to plants

3. from microorganisms to higher organisms

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution:Recombinant DNA are DNA sequences, which result from bringing genetic material form different sources. The genes can be transferred between any species, that is across different species of plants, from animals to plants and from microorganisms to higher organisms.

17. There is some concern regarding the nanoparticles of some chemical elements that are used by the industry in the manufacture of various products. Why? [2014-1]

1. They can accumulate in the environment, and contaminate water and soil.

2. They can enter the food chains.

3. They can trigger the production of free radicals.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution:All are correct. Inhaled nanoparticles may represent a potential health risk. Aerosols in workplace environments may be derived from a wide variety of sources, depending on the type of activity and processes taking place.

In the presence of larger microparticles, as with the wide size distribution in aerosols such as smoke, the highly diffusive character of nanoparticles may lead to faster agglomeration or impaction on the larger particles. Furthermore, many particles, including metallic particles, are highly pyrophoric and there is a considerable risk of dust explosions.

18. With reference to the use of nano-technology in health sector, which of the following statements is/are correct? [2015-1]

1. Targeted drug delivery is made possible by nanotechnology.

2. Nanotechnology can largely contribute to gene therapy.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) I only
(b) 2 Only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2

Solution:Targeted drug delivery is made possible by nanotechnology. Medical nanotechnology can largely contribute to genetic therapy and improvement. Diseases can be easily treated if approached at the genetic level. So instead of treating diseases based on the symptoms, nanotechnology will help medical practitioners treat the problem by looking at the root cause.

19. The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee is constituted under the : [2015-1]

(a) Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006
(b) Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999
(c) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
(d) Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972

Correct Answer: (c) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Solution:The Genetic engineering Approval Committee functions as a statutory body under the Environment Protection Act 1986 of the Ministry of Environment & Forest.

20. With reference to 'fuel cells' in which hydrogen-rich fuel and oxygen are used to generate electricity, consider the following statements: [2015-1]

1. If pure hydrogen is used as a fuel, the fuel cell emits heat and water as by- products.

2. Fuel cells can be used for powering buildings and not for small devices like laptop computers.

3. Fuel cells produce electricity in the form of Alternating Current (AC)

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 Only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (a) 1 only

Solution:A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy by using hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The products of this reaction are water electricity and heat.

« Previous 123 4 5 Next »

Science and Technology (Part-II)

11. Microbial fuel cells are considered a source of sustainable energy. Why? [2011-1]

12. With reference to 'stem cells', frequently in the news, which of the following statements is/are correct? [2012-1]

13. What are the reasons for the people's resistance to the introduction of Bt brinjal in India? [2012-1]

14. Other than resistance to pests, what are the prospects for which genetically engineered plants have been created? [2012-1]

15. Mycorrhizal biotechnology has been used in rehabilitating degraded sites because mycorrhiza enables the plants to : [2013-1]

16. Recombinant DNA technology (Genetic Engineering) allows genes to be transferred : [2013-1]

17. There is some concern regarding the nanoparticles of some chemical elements that are used by the industry in the manufacture of various products. Why? [2014-1]

18. With reference to the use of nano-technology in health sector, which of the following statements is/are correct? [2015-1]

19. The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee is constituted under the : [2015-1]

20. With reference to 'fuel cells' in which hydrogen-rich fuel and oxygen are used to generate electricity, consider the following statements: [2015-1]

Related Posts