Science and Technology (Part-II)

Total Questions: 50

41. What is the difference between a CFL and an LED lamp ? [2011-1]

(1) To produce light, a CFL uses mercury vapour and phosphor while an LED lamp uses semi-conductor material

(2) The average life span of a CFL is much longer than that of an LED lamp

(3) A CFL is less energy-efficient as compared to an LED lamp

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only

Solution:LED bulbs are grouped in clusters with diffuser lenses which have broadened the applications for LED use in the home.

42. A new optical disc format known as the Blu-ray Disc (BD) is becoming popular. In what way is it different from the traditional DVD? [2011-1]

1. DVD supports Standard Definition video while BD supports high definition video.

2. Compared to a DVD, the BD format has several times more storage capacity.

3. Thickness of BD is 2.4 mm while that of DVD is 1.2 mm.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1,2 and 3

Correct Answer: (b) 1 and 2 only

Solution:Statement 3 is incorrect as the thickness of BD is 1.1 mm while that of DVD is 1.2 mm. The difference lies in capacity so statement 2 is correct. As far as statement 1 is concerned.

43. What is "Virtual Private Network"? [2011-1]

(a) It is a private computer network of an organization where the remote users can transmit encrypted information through the server of the organization.
(b) It is a computer network across a public internet that provides users access to their organization's network while maintaining the security of the information transmitted.
(c) It is a computer network in which users can access a shared pool of computing resources through a service provider.
(d) None of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct description of Virtual Private Network.

Correct Answer: (b) It is a computer network across a public internet that provides users access to their organization's network while maintaining the security of the information transmitted.

Solution:A virtual private network provides a private network across a public network ensuring security by establishing an encrypted layered tunneling protocol.

44. Graphene is frequently in news recently, what is its importance? [2012-1]

1. It is a two dimensional material and has good electrical conductivity.

2. It is one of the thinnest but strongest materials tested so far.

3. It is entirely made of silicon and has high optical transparency.

4. It can be used as conducting electrodes required for touch screens. LCDs and organic LEDs.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 4 only

Solution:Graphene is an allotrope of carbon in the form of a two dimensional and hexagonal lattice. It is about 100 times stronger than steel. It conducts heat and electricity very efficiently, so it is used in semiconductor, electronics, battery energy etc.

45. In addition to fingerprint scanning, which of the following can be used in the biometric identification of a person? [2014-1]

1. Iris scanning

2. Retinal scanning

3. Voice recognition

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution:Biometrics identification is used in computer science as a form of identification and access control. Biometric identifiers are the distinctive, measurable characteristics used to label individuals. Biometric identifiers are categorized as physiological versus behavioral characteristics.

Physiological Biometric identifiers are fingerprint, palm veins, face recognition, DNA, palm print, hand geometry, iris recognition, retina and odour/scent. Behavioral identifiers are typing rhythm, gait and voice.

46. With reference to 'Near Field Communication (NFC) Technology', which of the following statements is/are correct? [2015-1]

1. It is a contactless communication technology that uses electromagnetic radio fields.

2. NFC is designed for use by devices which can be at a distance of even a metre from each other

3. NFC can use encryption when sending sensitive information.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 Only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only

Solution:Near field communication is a set of communication protocols enabling two electronic devices. This device is used in contactless payment, credit card and electronic ticket using encryption when sending sensitive information.

47. In the context of modern scientific research, consider the following statements about 'Ice Cube', a particle detector located at South pole, which was recently in the news: [2015-1]

1. It is the world's largest neutrino detector, encompassing a cubic kilo metre of ice.

2. It is a powerful telescope to search for dark matter.

3. It is buried deep in the ice.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 Only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution:The Icecube Neutrino observatory is a neutrino observatory (telescope). It is constructed at the Amundsen-scott south pole station in Antarcticas (south pole). This project is supervised by the university of wisconsin-Madison.

48. What is 'Greased Lightning-10 (GL-10)', recently in the news? [2016-1]

(a) Electric plane tested by NASA
(b) Solar-powered two-seater aircraft designed by Japan
(c) Space observatory launched by China
(d) Reusable rocket designed by ISRO

Correct Answer: (a) Electric plane tested by NASA

Solution:The 'Greased Lightening-10' (GL-10) is a 28 kg with 10 engines that can take off and land like a helicopter and fly efficiently like an aircraft. It is a battery-powered drone prototype plane designed by NASA.

49. With reference to 'Li-Fi', recently in the news, which of the following statements is/are correct? [2016-1]

1. It uses light as the medium for high-speed data transmission.

2. It is a wireless technology and is several times faster than 'Wi-Fi'.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2

Solution:(i) This OWC technology uses light from light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a medium to deliver networked, mobile, high-speed communication in a similar manner to Wi-Fi. It is a bidirectional, high-speed and fully networked wireless communication technology similar to Wi-Fi.

(ii) Li-fi gives data transfer rate of 10 gigabytes per second. So 1st statement is right. Li-Fi device circulates data via LEDs that emit an intermittent flicker at a speed imperceptible to the human eye. So, 2nd statement also right.

50. What is the purpose of 'evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (ELISA)' project? [2017-1]

(a) To detect neutrinos
(b) To detect gravitational waves
(c) To detect the effectiveness of missile defence system
(d) To study the effect of solar flares on our communication systems

Correct Answer: (b) To detect gravitational waves

Solution:ELISA aims to measure gravitational waves in the frequency range from 0.1mHz to about 100 mHz.

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Science and Technology (Part-II)

41. What is the difference between a CFL and an LED lamp ? [2011-1]

42. A new optical disc format known as the Blu-ray Disc (BD) is becoming popular. In what way is it different from the traditional DVD? [2011-1]

43. What is "Virtual Private Network"? [2011-1]

44. Graphene is frequently in news recently, what is its importance? [2012-1]

45. In addition to fingerprint scanning, which of the following can be used in the biometric identification of a person? [2014-1]

46. With reference to 'Near Field Communication (NFC) Technology', which of the following statements is/are correct? [2015-1]

47. In the context of modern scientific research, consider the following statements about 'Ice Cube', a particle detector located at South pole, which was recently in the news: [2015-1]

48. What is 'Greased Lightning-10 (GL-10)', recently in the news? [2016-1]

49. With reference to 'Li-Fi', recently in the news, which of the following statements is/are correct? [2016-1]

50. What is the purpose of 'evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (ELISA)' project? [2017-1]

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