Scientists & Inventions Part-2

Total Questions: 30

21. According to J.V. Narlikar, which of the following has NOT been considered as a science? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]

Correct Answer: (a) Astrology
Solution:According to Indian astrophysicist Jayant Vishnu (J.V.) Narlikar, astrology is not considered a science.

22. Who is called the Father of Atomic Energy in India? [Uttarakhand U.D.A/L.D.A. (Pre) 2007]

Correct Answer: (b) Homi J. Bhabha
Solution:Homi Jehangir Bhabha, an Indian nuclear physicist, played a significant role in developing the nuclear energy program in India. He is known as the father of the Indian nuclear program.

23. Homi Bhabha Award is given for special contribution in the field of — [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]

Correct Answer: (b) Nuclear Energy
Solution:Homi Jehangir Bhabha is known as the father of India's nuclear energy program. The 'Homi Bhabha Award' is given to scientists for their contributions in the field of nuclear energy.

24. Stephen Hawking is a — [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]

Correct Answer: (c) Scientist
Solution:Stephen William Hawking (January 8, 1942 - March 14, 2018) was a world-famous British theoretical physicist and cosmologist. He is known for his work on black holes and authored several popular science books. He suffered from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as motor neuron disease.

25. Which one of the following scientists has carried out research in both the fields of biology and physics? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (a) Jagdish Chandra Bose
Solution:Jagdish Chandra Bose was an eminent Indian scientist who carried out researches both in the field of biology and physics. He made a significant contribution in the field of botany along with radio and microwave signals. He also invented the Crescograph for measuring the growth in plants using a series of clockwise gears.

26. Match the names of outstanding Indian scientists given in List-I with an area of their specialized work given in List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below the lists: [I.A.S. (Pre) 1998]

List-IList-II
A. Dr. Raja Ramanna1. Plant chemistry
B. Dr. M.S. Swaminathan2. Nuclear physics
C. Prof. U.R. Rao3. Thermodynamics and astrophysics
D. Prof. Meghnad Saha4. Space research
5. Agricultural science

 

 

CodeABCD
(a)3521
(b)2143
(c)2543
(d)2142
Correct Answer: (c)
Solution:
  • Dr. Raja Ramanna was an Indian physicist known for his role in India's nuclear programme.
  • Dr. M.S. Swaminathan is a famous Indian agricultural scientist, known as the "Indian Father of Green Revolution."
  • U.R. Rao was a well-known space scientist and former Chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation.
  • Prof. Meghnad Saha was an Indian astrophysicist best known for his development of the Saha ionization equation.

27. The principle of Thermal Ionisation is an outstanding contribution of [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]

Correct Answer: (b) M.N. Saha
Solution:The theory of Thermal Ionization of gases was first given by M.N. Saha in a series of papers (1920 a, 1920 b, 1921) and widely applied to explain the spectrum of the sun, forming a satisfactory physical theory of stellar spectra and their classification.

28. Who is associated with the development of India's Atomic Bomb? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2006, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]

Correct Answer: (c) Raja Ramanna
Solution:Indian physicist Dr. Raja Ramanna contributed significantly to the development of India's Atomic Bomb. Under his supervision, the first nuclear test (codename "Smiling Buddha") was carried out in 1974. He also served as the director of DRDO and Scientific Advisor to the Defence Minister of India.

29. Who is NOT a Nobel Prize winner among the following scientists? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

Correct Answer: (d) Jagdish Chandra Bose
Solution:
  • Dr. Har Gobind Khorana was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968.
  • Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the scattering of light in 1930.
  • Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983.
  • Jagdish Chandra Bose is not a Nobel Prize winner.

30. 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for: [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (a) Experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter.
Solution:The 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz, and Anne L'Huillier for their experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter.