Soil

1. Regur Soil is another name of: [S.S.C. JE Mechanical Exams 22.03.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Laterite Soil
(b) Red and Yellow Soil
(c) Alluvial Soil
(d) Black Soil

Correct Answer: (d) Black Soil

Solution:Black soil is also called regur soil. Chemically, lime, iron, magnesium and alumina are found in large quantities in black soil. Potash is also found in them. But it lacks phosphorus, nitrogen and organic matter. This soil is also called black cotton soil

2. Which layer of soil contains humus that makes the soil fertile? [S.S.C. JE Civil Exams 23.03.2021 (Shift-II)]

(a) Topsoil
(b) Parent rock
(c) Weathered rock material
(d) Subsoil

Correct Answer: (a) Topsoil

Solution:The topsoil layer of the soil contains humus, which makes the soil fertile. The decaying organic matter present in the soil is called humus.

3. Which of the following processes of soil conservation is called 'mulching'? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 14.10.2021 (Shift-II)]

(a) Different crops are grown in alternate rows to protect the soil from rain wash.
(b) Rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water.
(c) Stones, grass and soil are used to build barriers along contours.
(d) The bare ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic matter like straw.

Correct Answer: (d) The bare ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic matter like straw.

Solution:A layer of organic or inorganic material such as straw etc. is spread on the open ground between the plants, this process of soil conservation is called 'mulching'.

4. Which among the following is a method of soil conservation? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 27.10.2021 (Shift-II)]

(a) Deforestation
(b) Mulching
(c) Overgrazing
(d) Landslides

Correct Answer: (b) Mulching

Solution:Shade Mulching is a method of soil conservation. Apart from this, other soil conservation methods are the protection of forests, plantation, building dams, prevention of excessive grazing, striped and terraced agriculture, contour ploughing etc.

5. Azolla increases soil fertility for ____ . [S.S.C. Online C.G.L.(T-I) 28.08.2016 (Shift-III)]

(a) Maize cultivation
(b) Wheat cultivation
(c) Barley cultivation
(d) Rice cultivation

Correct Answer: (d) Rice cultivation

Solution:The nitrogen-fixing capability of Azolla, an aquatic pteridophyte, has led to it being widely used as a biofertilizer for increasing the productivity of rice fields. When rice paddies are flooded in the spring. they can be inoculated with Azolla, which then quickly multiplies to cover the water, suppressing weeds.

6. Salination of soil is caused by- [S.S.C. Online C.G.L.(T-I) 11.09.2016 (Shift-III)]

(a) Pesticides
(b) Soil erosion
(c) Excess irrigation
(d) Crop rotation

Correct Answer: (c) Excess irrigation

Solution:Soil salinization results from the salt and minerals left behind by the evaporation of irrigated water collected in the soil (even from excessive irrigation). Soils become impermeable due to salinization on irrigated land.

7. The method of soil conservation in which rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water which prevents gullies and further soil loss is called? [S.S.C. Online C.G.L. (T-I) 22.08.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Mulching
(b) Contour barriers
(c) Rock dam
(d) Terrace farming

Correct Answer: (c) Rock dam

Solution:Rock dams are small barriers made up of stone, sand or gravel across the drainage. Its primary purpose is to reduce erosion in a drainage channel by restricting the velocity of flow in the channel