SOLVED PAPER 2023 (CDS) (II) (General Studies)

Total Questions: 120

11. The term Phyllotaxy refers to the pattern of

Correct Answer: (a) arrangement of leaves.
Solution:Phyllotaxy refers to the pattern of arrangement of leaves on the stem or branch of the plant.

Phyllotaxy helps in providing maximum sunlight to each leaf of branch. It is of three types-alternate, opposite and whorled phyllotaxy.

12. Chromosomes are composed of DNA and

Correct Answer: (c) proteins
Solution:Chromosomes are composed of DNA and proteins. Chromosomes are nucleoproteins present in the nucleus of cell which carries genetic information from one generation to another. They are mostly made up of DNA (40%), RNA (1-10%), histone proteins (40-50%) and non-histone proteins (10%). DNA coils around octane core of basic histone proteins to form chromosome.

13. Bacteria have an undefined nuclear a region which lacks nuclear membrane and contains only DNA without proteins. Such a region is called:

Correct Answer: (d) Nucleoid
Solution:Bacteria have an undefined nuclear region which lacks a nuclear membrane and contains only DNA without proteins. Such a region is called nucleoid. Nucleoid is a nuclear material of bacterial cell which is single, circular, double-stranded DNA. This type of cells are known as prokaryotic cells.

14. In the following simplified diagram of a plant cell, five parts/organelles are marked from 1 to 5:

Which one of the following correctly represents the above parts/organelles?

Correct Answer: (c) 1 - cell wall; 2 - cell membrane; 3 - endoplasmic reticulum; 4 - nucleus; 5 - vacuole
Solution:In the given diagram, 1 is cell wall, 2 is cell membrane, 3 is endoplasmic reticulum, 4 is nucleus and 5 is vacuole. In plant cell, cell wall provides protection shape and support to the plant. The plant cell wall is mainly made up of the carbohydrates molecules such as cellulose and lignin. The cell wall surrounds the most adult plant cells, have large vacuole that takes up more than 70% of the cell's volume. The liquid inside the vacuole exerts an outward pressure on the cell. In plant cell, endoplasmic reticulum is located between cell membrane and nuclear membrane. It forms cytoskeleton by spreading in entire cytoplasm. A round nucleus is found in plant cell. The main function of nucleus is control of cell division, cell growth and production of ribosomes. It contains nucleolus and double nuclear membrane.

15. Which one of the following is the language of the famous political treatise Amuktamalyada?

Correct Answer: (d) Telugu
Solution:Amuktamalyada is an epic poem in Telugu composed by Krishnadevaraya of the Vijayanagara empire. Amuktamalyada described the pain of separation experienced by Andal, who is described as the incarnation of Lakshmi, the consort of Vishnu. The work also provides valuable insights into Krishnadevaraya's reign; administration and personal life.

16. Which one of the following statements about the Shvetambara Sect of Jainism is not correct?

Correct Answer: (b) It refers to monks, who migrated to the South of Vindhyas in 4th century BCE.
Solution:Shvetambara Sect of Jainism refers to monks, who wear white clothes. It means 'white clad' and refers to its ascetics of practitioner Sthulbhadra was the founder of Shvetambara. They recognised the existence of canonical text including the 12 Angas. They believed that women can also attain salvation.

17. Where is the Vikramkhol Cave located?

Correct Answer: (a) Odisha
Solution:The Vikramkhol Cave located in Jharsuguda, Odisha. It is a pre-historic archeological site known for pre-historic inscriptions. The inscription at Vikramkhol are written on uneven rocks using red and ochre colour paint. It was first studied by KP Jaiswal.

18. Consider the following statements regarding the 'Levallois Technique'.

1. It refers to making perforated Harappa pottery.
2. It refers to making pre-historic flake tools.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (b) Only 2
Solution:Only statement (2) is correct regarding the 'Levallois Technique.'

Levalloisian Technique, refers to making pre-historic flake tools, in Europe and Africa. It is characterised by the production of large flakes from a tortoise core.

This more technique was sophisticated than earlier methods of lithic reduction, involving the striking of lithic flakes from a prepared lithic core.

19. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. The Bakshali Manuscript written in the Gatha language (a refined version of old Prakrit) using the Sharada script deals with topics such as fractions, square roots, arithmetic and geometric progressions.
2. In the field of geometry, Aryabhatta described the various properties of a circle giving a very accurate value for pi (π) correct to four decimal places at 3.1416.
3. Sharangadhara Samhita is an important text on political system of ancient India.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Correct Answer: (c) 1 and 2
Solution:Statements (1) and (2) are correct. The Bakshali Manuscript written in the Gatha language using the Sharada script deals with topics such as fractions, square roots, arithmetic and geometric progressions. The zero symbol we use today can be seen in Bakshali Manuscript.

an Sharangadhara Samhita is important reference for Ayurvedic doctors. It is not related to political system.

20. Which one of the following is not correct about the Indian Independence Act, 1947?

Correct Answer: (b) Act of 1947 laid down the basic framework of the Indian Constitution.
Solution:The Indian Independence Act was passed by British Parliament in 1947. It effectively ended British rule over India. The Act partitioned into India and Pakistan. It also empowered the Constituent Assembly to frame Constitution. The Act does not laid the basic framework of the Indian Constitution.