SOLVED PAPER 2023 (CDS) (II) (General Studies)

Total Questions: 120

41. Which one among the following substances is a compound?

Correct Answer: (a) Sugar
Solution:Sugar (C₁₂ H₂₂ O₁₁) is a compound. It is a substance that results from a combination of two or more different chemical elements.

42. What is the total number of naturally occurring elements?

Correct Answer: (b) 94
Solution:The total number of naturally occurring elements are 94. Element is a pure substance made up of only one kind of atom which can't be split up into two or more substances.

43. Which one of the following statements regarding acids is not correct?

Correct Answer: (c) Oxalic acid is found in tamarind paste.
Solution:Statement (c) is not correct regarding acid.
Gastric Juice - Hydrochloric Acid
Vinegar - Acetic Acid
Tamarind - Citric Acid
Lemon - Citric Acid
Orange - Ascorbic Acid

44. Which one of the following is the correct combination of organelles and their functions?

Correct Answer: (a) Mitochondria- Respiration; Chloroplast - Photosynthesis; Ribosome - Protein Synthesis; Rough endoplasmic reticulum -Transport of proteins
Solution:Mitochondria is the site of cellular aerobic respiration because it is responsible for the production of energy in the form of ATPs through oxidation of food. Chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis, because green pigment chlorophyll is found in chloroplast. Protein synthesis occurs ribosomes. Ribosomes on are structures made of both RNA and protein. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum or RER is responsible for transport of proteins.

45. Cell wall is absent in which one of the following organisms?

Correct Answer: (d) Tapeworm
Solution:Cell wall is absent in Tapeworm. Tapeworm is a Platyhelminthes animal. Animal cells do not have any cell wall. Cell walls are present in bacterial, fungi and plant cell. Cell walls of bacteria, diatom and mushroom are made of peptidoglycan, silica and chitin, respectively.

46. Water goes up through xylem vessels in tall trees. The process in plants and properties of water that help in upward movement are

Correct Answer: (b) Transpiration pull, cohesion and adhesion
Solution:Water goes up through xylem vessels in tall trees. The process in plants and properties of water that help in upward movement are transpiration pull, cohesion and adhesion.

47. Energy and nutrients flow from one trophic level to another in an ecosystem. Which one of the following statements correctly describes the direction of flow of energy and nutrients in an ecosystem?

Correct Answer: (b) Energy flow is unidirectional and nutrient flow is cyclic.
Solution:In an ecosystem, the energy flow is always unidirectional and nutrient flow is cyclic.

Energy flow is a sequential process of the movement of energy in an ecosystem through a series of organisms. It is always unidirectional. The source of energy in an ecosystem is solar energy.

Green plants or producers use this energy to produce food through photosynthesis. These plants are eaten by herbivorous animals, which are further eaten by higher level carnivorous animals.

48. Which one of the following is a saprophyte?

Correct Answer: (b) Rhizopus
Solution:Rhizopus is a saprophytic Fungus. Organisms who live and feed on dead organic materials to obtain nutrition for their growth are known as saprophytes. e.g., Mucor, yeast. Saprophytes are mostly fungus and bacteria. Saprophytes decompose dead plants and animals and convert molecules into simpler molecules.

49. In ovules of Angiosperms, which one of the following is not a haploid cell ?

Correct Answer: (a) Nucelus
Solution:Nucelus is not a haploid cell in angiospermic ovules. It is a tissue made up of diploid cells present outside of female gametophyte, embryosac. Rest three are haploid cells present inside embryo sac.

50. Arrange the following events associated with Shivaji in chronological order.

1. Attack on Afzal Khan
2. Capture of Torna
3. Attack on Shaista Khan
4. Annexation of Javli

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Correct Answer: (a) 2, 4, 1, 3
Solution:Shivaji at the age of 16 captured a fort from Adilshah. The fort was renamed as Torna fort. Shivaji captured Javli from Maratha Chief Chandra Rao more in 1656 CE. It made him undisputed master of the Mavala areas.

Afzal Khan met Shivaji in 1659 and at meeting Afzal Khan attempted treachery, in retaliation Shivaji Maharaj killed Afzal Khan. Shivaji attacked on Shaista Khan 1663.