SOLVED PAPER 2024 (CDS) (II) (English)

S1: Indian defence forces are fully aligned with national agenda of Atmanirbhar Bharat and have already embarked in mission mode.
S6: As a result, the Indian defence industry will be apprised about the anticipated requirements of the armed forces and is thus better prepared to realise its goal.
P: This will provide opportunity to the Indian industry to harness their potential and build an ecosystem which can sustain itself by being responsive to the needs of the defence forces.
Q: Two Positive Indigenisation Lists, comprising 101 and 108 items respectively, have been issued.
R: Projects fielded are aimed to encourage indigenisation of defence technologies and reduce dependence on import.
S: The lists intend to implement ban on import of these items in a staggered manner upto 2025 and promote indigenous production.

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S1: Our Constitution makers were fully conscious of the fact that the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes had been oppressed and underprivileged sections of our society over the centuries and they deserved a special dispensation so that their condition may be vastly improved.
S6: Consequently, adequate safeguards were provided for these communities in our Constitution.
P: Similarly, they were also sensitive of the difficulties and problems which were likely to be faced by the persons belonging to the Anglo-Indian community in the country.
Q: One such provision related to the reservation of seats for these communities in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.
R: This provision found place in Article 330 and Article 332 of the Constitution.
S: For this purpose, several special provisions were incorporated in our Constitution.

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S1: Startup India is a flagship initiative of the Government of India.
S6: Under the Startup India scheme, eligible companies can get recognised as startups in order to access a host of tax benefits, easier compliance, IPR fast-tracking and other benefits.
P: These programmes are managed by a dedicated Startup India team, which reports to DPIIT.
Q: It envisions transforming India into a country of job creators instead of job seekers.
R: It intends to catalyse the startup culture and build a strong and inclusive ecosystem for innovation and entrepreneurship in India.
S: Launched in 2016, Startup India has rolled out several programmes with the objective of supporting entrepreneurs and building up a robust startup ecosystem.

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S1: In India the first Livestock Census was conducted during 1919-1920.
S6: For the first time, data was collected through tablet computers, which reduced the time gap in data collection, data processing and report generation.
P: Since its inception it is being conducted quinquennially by all States/UTs.
Q: The 20th Livestock Census was conducted with participation of Animal Husbandry Departments of States/UTs.
R: This five-yearly census is the only source which gives disaggregated information on various species of animals and poultry birds.
S: The main objective of the census is to provide information on livestock population, species-wise and breed-wise, along with age, sex-composition, etc., in rural and urban areas.

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S1: India has been a welfare state since Independence.
S6: Elimination of poverty, ignorance, diseases and inequality of opportunities and providing a better quality of life were the basic premise upon which all the plans of the development were built.
P: The policies and programmes have been designed with the aim of alleviation of rural poverty.
Q: The primary objective of all governmental endeavours has been the welfare of its rural population.
R: It was realised that a sustainable strategy of poverty alleviation has to be based on increasing the productive employment opportunities in the process of growth itself.
S: Ensuring rural welfare has been one of the main objectives of planned development in India.

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S1: Covid-19 pandemic threw a lot of challenges on the entire economy.
S6: In order to address this need and to promote economic activities post pandemic, MoHUA initiated ARHCs, a sub-scheme under PMAY(U).
P: These urban migrants stay in slums, informal settlements, unauthorised colonies, peri-urban areas to save cost on housing.
Q: Hence, they need decent rental housing at affordable rate near their worksites.
R: The biggest challenge was reverse migration of urban migrants/poor in the country.
S: The migration took place due to the temporary shutting down of industries and other sectors.

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S1: Press Trust of India (PTI) is a non-profit making cooperative owned by the country's newspapers with a mandate to provide effective and unbiased news to all subscribers.
S6: Increasingly, more and more subscribers are opting for satellite reception.
P: It offers its news services in English and Hindi languages.
Q: Over 500 newspapers and several news services subscribe to PTI, including many overseas news entities.
R: PTI now has its own satellite delivery system.
S: Bhasha is the Hindi language news service of the agency.

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S1: The National School of Drama (NSD) was set up by the Sangeet Natak Akademi in 1959.
S6: The NSD has promoted Children's Theatre as well.
P: Post admission, the students at NSD are required to undergo training of three year's duration.
Q: The eligible applicants for admission are screened through two stages.
R: The objective of the NSD is to train students in all aspects of theatre, including theatre history, production, scene design, costume design, lighting, make-up, etc.
S: In 1975, it became an autonomous organisation.

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S1: Gaganyaan is a national programme wherein ISRO is leveraging the domain expertise of various agencies for expediting its execution.
S6: It will lay the foundation for a sustained Indian human space exploration programme in the long run.
P: With this programme, a new vertical has been created within ISRO to steer this growth.
Q: The Gaganyaan Programme marks an inflection point in the growth profile of India's space endeavour.
R: This new vertical envisages undertaking the demonstration of human space flight to Low Earth Orbit in the short-term.
S: A new ISRO centre, Human Spaceflight Centre has been formed for Low Earth Orbit flights.

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S1: India has the largest youth population in the world.
S6: The role of the Department of Youth Affairs is to act as a facilitator and catalytic agent for youth development.
P: The Department has also recognised adolescents as an important segment of the youth.
Q: Youth represent the most dynamic and vibrant segment of the population.
R: To optimally tap their constructive and creative energies, the Department of Youth Affairs pursues the twin objectives of personality development and nation building.
S: Other Ministries and the State Governments are also working to support youth development and to enable productive youth participation.

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