Solution:The most common musical scale is the diatonic scale. It consists of a series of eight notes or tones, and the ratio between the last and the first note is 2 : 1. It is therefore called an octave.
The major diatonic scale consists of notes with frequencies in the ratio 1, 9/8, 5/4, 4/3, 3/2, 5/3, 15/8 and 2 relative to a key note. The series of notes is defined as:
| C | D | E | F | G | A | B | C₁ |
| (Sa) | (Re) | (Ga) | (Ma) | (Pa) | (Dha) | (Ni) | (Sa₁) |
Here, the higher frequency Sa (Sa₁) is called the octave of the lower Sa. If the frequency of first note (Sa) is set as 256 Hz, then that of note Ni is 480 Hz (256 × 15/8) and the frequency of octave Sa₁ is 512 Hz. The above explanation shows that both the given statements are incorrect.