Species/Tribes

11. Which one of the Hindu festivals is celebrated as the festival of mourning by the Tharus: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Dashehra
(b) Diwali
(c) Holi
(d) Nagpanchami

Correct Answer: (b) Diwali

Solution:Tharu tribe dwells in the lowland from Nainital in Uttarakhand to terai regions of in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. They follow Hinduism and celebrate all the festivals however they observe Diwali as a mourning occasion.

12. "Tharu Tribe" is residing in which of the following states of India? [U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2017]

(a) Bihar and Madhya Pradesh
(b) Jharkhand and Bihar
(c) Chhattisgarh and Himachal Pradesh
(d) Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh

Correct Answer: (d) Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh

Solution:As per 2011 Census, Tharu tribe is living in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Bihar, It is the largest tribe in Uttarakhand and third largest in Uttar Pradesh (after Gond and Kharwar) and also third largest in Bihar (after Santhal and Gond).

13. Inhabitation if Tharu People is in- [U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 1991]

(a) Arunachal Pradesh
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Bihar

Correct Answer: (b) Uttar Pradesh

Solution:As per 2011 Census, Tharu tribe is living in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Bihar, It is the largest tribe in Uttarakhand and third largest in Uttar Pradesh (after Gond and Kharwar) and also third largest in Bihar (after Santhal and Gond).

14. Consider the following pairs [U.P.S.C.(Pre) 2013]

	List I	List I
1.	Limboo(Limbu)	Sikkim
2.	Karbi	Himachal Pradesh
3.	Dongaria Kondh	Odisha
4.	Bonda	Tamil Nadu

Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?

(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 1,3 and 4
(d) All of these

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 3

Solution:Limbu or Yakthung tribe is found in Sikkim, Nepal, Bhutan, and Tibet. Karbi tribe is mainly found in Assam and other parts of north east India. Dongaria Kondh tribe is related to Odisha. Bonda is also related to Odisha. Thus, 1 and 3 are correctly matched.

15. Which of the following is an important tribe of Dhauladhar Range? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2003]

(a) Abor
(b) Gaddi
(c) Lepcha
(d) Tharu

Correct Answer: (b) Gaddi

Solution:Gaddi tribe lives in the Dhauladhar Range of Western Himalaya which extends in Kangra and Chamba districts of Himachal Pradesh and also found in Union Territories J&K and Ladakh. Gaddi Tribe relate themselves to the dynasty of Garhwal Rulers of Rajasthan. This is one of the main tribes of Dhauladhar range which constitute a population of around 1.5 Lakh. The lifestyle of Gaddi tribe is different from other tribes. The Main tribes of Dhauldhaar Range are Gaddi, Ladakhi Gujjar, Bakarwal, Lahauli, Bari etc.

16. Gaddis are inhabitants of- [44th B.P.S.C.(Pre) 2000]

(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Himachal Pradesh
(c) Arunachal Pradesh
(d) Meghalaya

Correct Answer: (b) Himachal Pradesh

Solution:Gaddi tribe lives in the Dhauladhar Range of Western Himalaya which extends in Kangra and Chamba districts of Himachal Pradesh and also found in Union Territories J&K and Ladakh. Gaddi Tribe relate themselves to the dynasty of Garhwal Rulers of Rajasthan. This is one of the main tribes of Dhauladhar range which constitute a population of around 1.5 Lakh. The lifestyle of Gaddi tribe is different from other tribes. The Main tribes of Dhauldhaar Range are Gaddi, Ladakhi Gujjar, Bakarwal, Lahauli, Bari etc.

17. Santhals are inhabitant of - [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1995]

(a) Central India
(b) Southern India
(c) Western India
(d) Eastern India

Correct Answer: (d) Eastern India

Solution:Santhal tribe is one of the main tribes of India. Santhals are indigenous to West Bengal, Bihar, Tripura, Jharkhand and Odisha etc.

18. Which one of the following is not correctly matched? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Bhils - Gujarat
(b) Jaunsaris - Uttaranchal
(c) Santhals - Chhattisgarh
(d) Khasis - Meghalaya

Correct Answer: (c) Santhals - Chhattisgarh

Solution:Santhal tribe is one of the main tribes of India. Santhals are indigenous to West Bengal, Bihar, Tripura, Jharkhand and Odisha etc.

19. The commonest form of marriage among Santhal is- [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Itut
(b) Sanga
(c) Nir-Bolok
(d) Bupla

Correct Answer: (d) Bupla

Solution:Marriage among Santhals is called Bupla. There are different types of Bupla such as Sanga Bupla, Kirin Bupla, Itut Bupla, Nir Bolok Bupla etc. Generally, bride's father asks for 'bride price' which is called as 'Pon'. Divorce is also a common practice. Both male and female have equal rights in this regard. 'Bitlaha' is a severe social punishment in Santhal society. It is a type of social boycott. The chief of Santhal village is known as 'Manjhi'.

20. Transhumance is practised by the : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]

(a) Bhotias
(b) Bhoksas
(c) Jaunsaris
(d) Tharus

Correct Answer: (a) Bhotias

Solution:Bhoksas, Jaunsaris and Tharus are permanent settlers. These are all agriculture based tribes. Bhotias tribe reside in hilly regions of Uttarakhand and Terai regions of Uttar Pradesh, Sikkim and West Bengal. Bhotias belong to Mongoloid Race. The tribe is also known for its migratory pastoralist nature