Species/Tribes

Total Questions: 77

31. 'Andi and Oportipi' forms of marriage are related to which tribe? [Jharkhand P.C.S.(Pre) 2016]

(a) Ho
(b) Paharia
(c) Munda
(d) Oraon

Correct Answer: (a) Ho

Solution:'Andi and Oportipi' forms of marriage are related to 'Ho' tribe. Marriage by negotiation is 'Andi' whereas marriage by capture is known as 'Oportipi'.

32. Which of the following tribes practice polyandry? [U.P.P.C.S.(MAINS) 2005]

(a) Kadar
(b) Lodha
(c) Munda
(d) Toda

Correct Answer: (d) Toda

Solution:The People of Toda tribe practised polyandry. It is one of the oldest ethnic groups residing in the Upper Nilgiris plateau in Tamil Nadu. The Todas are divided into five clans, namely: Paiki, Pekkan, Kuttan, Kenna and Todi. They have their own language, which does not have a script. They live in a closed community or hamlet called mund.
Society:

It is a patrilineage descent group whose membership is based upon a rule of patrilineal descent. Their community is divided into two endogamous groups, namely Tharthazoll and Theveioll.
To maintain the social harmony or solidarity among the Toda tribal population of Todas are controlled for many generations by their own traditional Government called 'Noim'.
This Noim is headed by a Toda tribal head-man called Monegar. He has the full power to control the Todas and he also dispenses justice in the Toda community

33. Which tribe celebrates the "Sarhul Festival"? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S.(PRE) 2016]

(a) Oraon
(b) Kamar
(c) Baiga
(d) Gond

Correct Answer: (a) Oraon

Solution:Oraon, Munda and Ho tribes in Jharkhand celebrate the 'Sarhul Festival'. This is celebrate every year in the Chaitra month of Hindu calender marking the beginning of new year. Trees are worshipped in this festival. This shows the closeness of tribes and nature.

34. One of the tribes which celebrates 'Sarhul' festival is - [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]

(a) Santhal
(b) Munda
(c) Bhil
(d) Tharu

Correct Answer: (b) Munda

Solution:Munda Tribe is found across much of Jharkhand as well as Odisha, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Tripura etc. They celebrate festivals like Mage, Phagu, Karam, Sarhul and Sohrai. Sarhul is celebrated in the month of March-April during spring season with saal flowers.

35. A social institution called Ghumkaria belongs to which tribe? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Oraon
(b) Ho
(c) Gond
(d) Kol

Correct Answer: (a) Oraon

Solution:The 'Youth Dormitory' of Oraon tribe is called Ghumkaria. Endogamy is prohibited in Oraon tribe. Child marriage is not practiced in Oraon society. The most common form of marriage in Oraon tribe is 'arranged marriage'. The Chief of Oraon village is known as 'Mahato' and Panchayat is called as 'Panchora'.

36. The largest Scheduled Tribe of Uttarakhand is- [U.P.S.C.(Pre) 2005]

(b) Bhosksa
(c) Bhotia
(d) Jaunsari
(a) Tharu

Correct Answer: (a) Tharu

Solution:At the time when this question was asked the largest schedule tribe of Uttarakhand was Jaunsari. But According to 2011 Census, the population of Schedule Tribes residing in Uttarakhand is as follows:

	Tribes	Population
1.	Tharu	91,342
2.	Jaunsari	88,664
3.	Bhoksa	54,037
4.	Bhotia	39,106
5.	Raji	690

37. In Mizoram the settlement pattern in mostly of linear type along the ridges because- [U.P.S.C.(Pre) 1993]

(a) The valleys are cooler than the ridges
(b) Accessibility is easier on the ridges tops
(c) The ridges are cooler than the valleys
(d) The valleys are densely forested

Correct Answer: (a) The valleys are cooler than the ridges

Solution:In Mizoram, the settlement pattern is mostly of linear type along the ridges because the valleys are cooler (especially in night) than the ridges.

38. Which one of the following is not correctly matched? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (MAINS) 2004]

List I	List I
Bhotia	Uttar Pradesh
Khasi	Meghalaya
Santhal	Jharkhand
Toda	Tamil Nadu

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e) All options are correctly matched

Correct Answer: (e) All options are correctly matched

Solution:According to Census of 2011, Tribes and their population in respective states is as follows-

List I	List II
Bhotia	5196 in U.P.
Khasi	14,11,775 in Meghalaya
Toda	2002 in Tamil Nadu
Santhal	27,54,723 in Jharkhand

Hence all option are correct.

39. Where does Toda tribe mainly lives? [U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2005]

(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Assam

Correct Answer: (b) Tamil Nadu

Solution:According to Census of 2011, Tribes and their population in respective states is as follows-

List I	List II
Bhotia	5196 in U.P.
Khasi	14,11,775 in Meghalaya
Toda	2002 in Tamil Nadu
Santhal	27,54,723 in Jharkhand

Hence all option are correct.

40. Which one of the following is not correctly matched? [U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2005]

	List I	List II
(a)	Bihu	Assam
(b)	Onam	Andhra Pradesh
(c)	Pongal	Tamil Nadu
(d)	Baisakhi	Punjab

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:

State	Festival
Assam	Bihu
Kerala	Onam
Tamil Nadu	Pongal
Punjab	Baisakhi

Onam is celebrated in Kerala. Hence option (b) is not matched correctly.

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