Taxonomy (Biology) Part-I

Total Questions: 50

41. Three chambered heart is found in: [U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2016]

Correct Answer: (c) Amphibians
Solution:Amphibians and most reptiles have a heart with three chambers – two atria and a single ventricle. The heart of the frog has three chambers, one ventricle and two atria. Fish have two chambered hearts while monkey and crocodile have four chambered hearts.
  • Fish: Have a two-chambered heart with one atrium and one ventricle.
  • Amphibians: Generally have a three-chambered heart with two atria and one ventricle.
  • Reptiles (except crocodiles): Also have a three-chambered heart, with two atria and one ventricle.
  • Crocodiles: Are a notable exception among reptiles, having a four-chambered heart like mammals, with two atria and two ventricles.
  • Mammals and birds: Have four-chambered hearts, which are more efficient for delivering oxygen to the body.

42. Three chambered heart is found in: [U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2016]

Correct Answer: (c) Amphibians 
Solution:Amphibians and most reptiles have a heart with three chambers – two atria and a single ventricle. The heart of the frog has three chambers, one ventricle and two atria. Fish have two chambered hearts while monkey and crocodile have four chambered hearts.
  • Fish: Have a two-chambered heart with one atrium and one ventricle.
  • Amphibians: Generally have a three-chambered heart with two atria and one ventricle.
  • Reptiles (except crocodiles): Also have a three-chambered heart, with two atria and one ventricle.
  • Crocodiles: Are a notable exception among reptiles, having a four-chambered heart like mammals, with two atria and two ventricles.
  • Mammals and birds: Have four-chambered hearts, which are more efficient for delivering oxygen to the body.

43. Which out of the following does not have a gallbladder? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2004]

Correct Answer: (a) Camel 
Solution:All members of the deer family except for the musk deer, all of the equine family (including zebras), camels, giraffes, elephants, rhinoceroses, whales, some birds (such as doves), rats and some fish do not have gallbladders.

44. In which of the following animals hooves are not found? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]

Correct Answer: (b) Jackal
Solution:Among the given options except Jackal, all are hooved animals. Jackal is the species of canidae. The scientific name of common Jackal is Canis aureus. The feet of Jackals are padded with nails.

45. Nilgai belongs to the following family: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

Correct Answer: (d) Deer
Solution:Nilgai is the largest Asian antelope (deer-like) species. Antelope are creatures having strong permanent horns. There are more than 90 species of antelope.

46. Gavialis crocodile are mostly found in — [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1993]

Correct Answer: (a) Ganga
Solution:The Gharial, also known as Gavialis is a crocodilian of family (Gavialidae) mostly found in Ganga River. The large breeding population of gharial is found in Bangladesh, Nepal and India.

47. Which is an atrocious animal? [39th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]

Correct Answer: (c) Otter
Solution:Among the given options, otter is an atrocious animal. Otters are said to be murderous, necrophilic aqua-weasels. Otters are mammals of the subfamily Lutrinae, one of two subfamilies contained within family Mustelidae. Otters are also called serial-killing fur monsters of the sea.

48. Consider the following animals: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2021]

  1. Hedgehog
  2. Marmot
  3. Pangolin
    To reduce the chance of being captured by predators, which of the above organisms rolls up/roll up and protects/protect its/their vulnerable parts?
Correct Answer: (d) 1 and 3
Solution:Hedgehogs are spiny mammals of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. All species of hedgehogs can roll into a tight ball in self-defense, causing all of the spines to point outwards.

The hedgehog's back contains two large muscles that control the position of the quills. When the creature is rolled into a ball, the quills on the back protect the tucked face, feet, and belly, which are not quilled.

Marmots are large herbivores ground squirrels in the genus Marmota. They do not roll up when threatened. Marmots live in burrows and hide themselves in holes when there is a predator.

Pangolins, sometimes known as scaly anteaters are mammals of the order Pholidota. The name "pangolin" comes from the Malay word pengguling, meaning "one who rolls up."

49. Consider the following statements regarding the Indian squirrels: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2023]

  1. They build nests by making burrows in the ground.
  2. They store their food materials like nuts and seeds in the ground.
  3. They are omnivorous.
    How many of the above statements are correct?
Correct Answer: (a) Only one
Solution:Indian squirrels, like many squirrel species, are primarily arboreal creatures, which means they live in trees. They build nests, often called dreys, in trees, not burrows in the ground. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.

Unlike other squirrel species which hide nuts and seeds underground, Indian giant squirrels store food in caches high in the treetops. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

Indian squirrels are omnivores. They feed mainly on nuts and fruits but will also eat seeds, insects, small mammals and reptiles, eggs, and even sometimes chicks of birds. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

50. Which one of the following varieties of dogs is unable to bark? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]

Correct Answer: (a) Dingo
Solution:Dingoes are commonly found throughout Australia and in scattered groups across southeast Asia. Its scientific name is Canis lupus dingo. Dingoes do not bark but howl like wolves.