Taxonomy (Biology) Part-IV

Total Questions: 40

21. Which one of the following is responsible for the red colour of tomato? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (c) Lycopene
Solution:The red colour of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruit is due to the carotenoid pigment lycopene. The red colour formation in the apple skin is due to the formation of anthocyanin pigments. The red-orange colour of carrot is due to the pigment β-Carotene.

22. Red colour in tomato is due to : [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2008]

Correct Answer: (b) Lycopene
Solution:The red colour of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruit is due to the carotenoid pigment lycopene. The red colour formation in the apple skin is due to the formation of anthocyanin pigments. The red-orange colour of carrot is due to the pigment β-Carotene.

23. The yellow colour of papaya is due to: [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2015]

Correct Answer: (c) Caricaxanthin
Solution:The botanical name of papaya is Carica papaya. It is rich in carotene, which is a precursor of vitamin A. The papain enzyme present in papaya is helpful in digestion of protein. The yellow colour of papaya is due to the presence of caricaxanthin.

24. Recently, our scientists have discovered a new and distinct species of banana plant which attains a height of about 11 metres and has orange-coloured fruit pulp. In which part of India has it been discovered? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (a) Andaman Islands
Solution:

Scientists at the Botanical Survey of India (BSI), have discovered a new species of banana from a remote tropical rain forest on the Little Andaman Islands. The species, Musa indandamanensis, was located about 16 km inside the Krishna-Nalah forest on the Island.

The scientist who has made the discovery described it as a distinct global species with unique green flower and fruit bunch just thrice the size of a regular banana species.

The new species is about 11 metres high, whereas the usual banana species is about three to four metres high. The fruit of the new species is about one metre which are thrice the size of the regular species.

25. Which of the following groups of living beings belong to the same species? [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2009]

Correct Answer: (a) Chinese, American, Indians and Black Africans
Solution:Chinese, American, Indians and Black Africans groups of living beings belong to the same species. Homo sapiens is the binomial nomenclature (also known as the scientific name) for the human species. While the animals in other options are related to different species.

26. Fungi are plants that lack : [67th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2022]

Correct Answer: (c) Chlorophyll
Solution:A fungus (plural: fungi) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.

These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms (earlier they were considered plants). Fungi lack chlorophyll so they do not photosynthesize.

27. Yeast is an example of— [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (b) Fungus
Solution:Yeasts, molds (molds) and mushrooms are examples of fungi. Fungi is the plural word for fungus. Fungi lack chlorophyll and vascular bundle.

The organisms found in Kingdom fungi contain a cell wall and are omnipresent. They are classified as heterotrophs among the living organisms.

  1. Almost all the fungi have a filamentous structure except the yeast cells.
  2. They can be either single-celled or multicellular organisms.
  3. Fungi consist of long thread-like structures known as hyphae. These hyphae together form a mesh-like structure called mycelium.
  4. Fungi possess a cell wall which is made up of chitin and polysaccharides.
  5. The cell wall comprises a protoplast, which is differentiated into other cell parts such as cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell organelles and nuclei.
  6. The nucleus is dense, clear, with chromatin threads. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.

28. Yeast and mushrooms are — [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]

Correct Answer: (c) Fungi
Solution:Yeasts, molds (molds) and mushrooms are examples of fungi. Fungi is the plural word for fungus. Fungi lack chlorophyll and vascular bundle.

The organisms found in Kingdom fungi contain a cell wall and are omnipresent. They are classified as heterotrophs among the living organisms.

  1. Almost all the fungi have a filamentous structure except the yeast cells.
  2. They can be either single-celled or multicellular organisms.
  3. Fungi consist of long thread-like structures known as hyphae. These hyphae together form a mesh-like structure called mycelium.
  4. Fungi possess a cell wall which is made up of chitin and polysaccharides.
  5. The cell wall comprises a protoplast, which is differentiated into other cell parts such as cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell organelles and nuclei.
  6. The nucleus is dense, clear, with chromatin threads. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.

29. What is a mushroom? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2011]

Correct Answer: (a) Fungi
Solution:Yeasts, molds (molds) and mushrooms are examples of fungi. Fungi is the plural word for fungus. Fungi lack chlorophyll and vascular bundle.

The organisms found in Kingdom fungi contain a cell wall and are omnipresent. They are classified as heterotrophs among the living organisms.

  1. Almost all the fungi have a filamentous structure except the yeast cells.
  2. They can be either single-celled or multicellular organisms.
  3. Fungi consist of long thread-like structures known as hyphae. These hyphae together form a mesh-like structure called mycelium.
  4. Fungi possess a cell wall which is made up of chitin and polysaccharides.
  5. The cell wall comprises a protoplast, which is differentiated into other cell parts such as cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell organelles and nuclei.
  6. The nucleus is dense, clear, with chromatin threads. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.

30. Mushroom used in for making juicy vegetable is a — [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]

Correct Answer: (a) Fungus
Solution:Yeasts, molds (molds) and mushrooms are examples of fungi. Fungi is the plural word for fungus. Fungi lack chlorophyll and vascular bundle.

The organisms found in Kingdom fungi contain a cell wall and are omnipresent. They are classified as heterotrophs among the living organisms.

  1. Almost all the fungi have a filamentous structure except the yeast cells.
  2. They can be either single-celled or multicellular organisms.
  3. Fungi consist of long thread-like structures known as hyphae. These hyphae together form a mesh-like structure called mycelium.
  4. Fungi possess a cell wall which is made up of chitin and polysaccharides.
  5. The cell wall comprises a protoplast, which is differentiated into other cell parts such as cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell organelles and nuclei.
  6. The nucleus is dense, clear, with chromatin threads. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.