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Advent of European Companies

📆 October 3, 2024

Total Questions: 50

1. The first factory of the East India company was established at- [U.P.P.S.C.( GIC) 2010]

Correct Answer: (d) Surat
Solution:Captain William Hawkins reached Mughal Court from Surat in April 1609 but did not succeed in getting permission to set up a factory. Despite Portuguese antagonism, captain Middleton landed at Swally near Surat and succeeded in getting permission for trade by Mughal Governor in 1611. Captain Thomas Best dissolved the Portuguese monopoly with the victory of Swally. consequently, the British established a permanent factory in 1613. they expanded their trade to other parts of India and established cooperative factories in Ahmedabad, Burhanpur, Ajmer and Agra immediately.

2. Which of the British officials defeated Portuguese at Swally? [44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000]

Correct Answer: (b) Thomas Best
Solution:Captain Thomas Best defeated Portugese in 1612 in the naval battle of Swally near modern Surat city.

The battle marked the beginning of the British East India Company's rise in India. The battle marked the decline of Portuguese trade in India. The battle is considered the birthplace of the modern Indian Navy

3. With reference to the captain Hawkins, which of the following statements is correct? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

(1) He came to India in 1611 as an envoy of James-I.
(2) He was very well versed in Turkish language.

Correct Answer: (d) Only (2)
Solution:William Hawkins was the first English ambassador to be sent by the East India Company to the Mughal court of Jahangir in 1608 A.D. He reached in Mughal court in 1609. Hence statement (1) is incorrect. He had knowledge of Turkish language. He spoke Turkish very well. Hence statement (2) is correct. Thus option (d) is correct answer.

4. In the first quarter of seventeenth century, in which of the following was/were the factory/factories of the English East India company located? [I.A.S. (Pre.) 2021]

1. Broach
2. Chicacole
3. Trichinopoly
Select the correct answer using the code give below.

Correct Answer: (a) 1 only
Solution:Establishment of Factories by India Company in first quarter of 17 century-
Surat in 1613
*Agra, Ahmedabad, ;Baroda and Broach by 1619.
*Masulipatnam in 1611 and Armagaon in 1628.
*Hariharpur and Balasore (in Odisha) in 1633.

5. Which one of the following European trading company was the first to establish its factory at Surat? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2021]

Correct Answer: (b) The English
Solution:The British East India company was the first establish its factory at Surat among all European trade companies. Jahangir granted permission to the British to set up a permanent factory at Surat, in 1613. The Dutch established a factory in Surat in the year 1616 while the French in the year 1668.

6. In the year 1613, where was the English East India Company given permission to set up a factory (trading post) ? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2006]

Correct Answer: (d) Surat
Solution:In the year 1613, the English East India company was given permission to set up a factory (trading post) in Surat.

1600: The East India Company is established.

1609: William Hawkins arrives at Jahangir's court.

1611: Captain Middleton obtains the permission of the Mughal governor of Surat to trade there.

1613: A permanent factory of East India Company is established at Surat.

1615: Sir Thomas Roe, the ambassador of King James I, arrives at Jahangir's court. By 1618, the ambassador succeeds in obtaining two farmans (one each from the emperor and Prince Khurram) confirming free trade with exemption from inland tolls.

1616: The Company establishes its first factory in the south in Masulipatnam.

1632: The Company gets the golden farman from the Sultan of Golconda ensuring the safety and prosperity of their trade.

1633: The Company establishes its first factory in east India in Hariharpur, Balasore (Odisha).

1639: The Company gets the lease of Madras from a local king.

1651: The Company is given permission to trade at Hooghly (Bengal).

1662: The British King, Charles II, is given Bombay as dowry for marrying a Portuguese princess (Catherine of Braganza).

1667: Aurangzeb gives the English a farman for trade in Bengal.

1691: The Company gets the imperial order to continue their trade in Bengal in lieu of payment of Rs 3,000 a year.

1717: The Mughal emperor Farrukhsiyar issues a farman, called Magna Carta of the Company, giving the Company a large number of trade concessions.

7. Where was the Western Presidency situated in the early period of the East India Company ? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]

Correct Answer: (a) Surat
Solution:The East India company initially made Surat, its western Presidency. Later it was shifted to Bombay.

8. Bombay was taken over by the English East India Company from- [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]

Correct Answer: (d) The Portuguese
Solution:Bombay was given as a dowry gift by the Portuguese Crown to the British when Charles II, the king of England married Catherine of Braganza, the Princess of Portugal in 1662 A.D. Charles II gave Bombay to British East India company on 10- pound annual rent in 1668.

9. In which of the following year, was the authority of the British established over the fort of Prayagraj (U.P)? [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2021]

Correct Answer: (a) 1798 A.D
Solution:Nawab Saadat Ali Khan II of Awadh handed over the Fort of Prayagraj (Allahabad) to the British in 1798 AD.

In 1798, Saadat Ali Khan became the Nawab of Awadh after his half-nephew, Mirza Wazir Ali Khan, was ousted. The Nawab signed a treaty with the British in 1798, giving up half of his kingdom, including Allahabad, in exchange for British protection. The treaty required the Nawab to pay the British a yearly subsidy of 76 lakh rupees to support 10,000 British troops in his territory. The treaty weakened the Nawab's power and made Awadh a protected state of the British East India Company.

10. Which English Governor of east India Company in India was expelled by Aurangzeb- [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (b) Sir John Child
Solution:The British Governor of Bombay, John Child, cordoned off Mughal ports of Bombay and western coastal areas in 1688 and tried to capture Mecca pilgrims. As a result of which Aurangzeb ordered the expulsion of him from India. He was forced to negotiate for peace and bent to his knees before the Mughal Emperor.
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