The Centre-State Relation

Total Questions: 52

31. Given below are two statements one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) (Re. Exam.) 2013]

Assertion (A): Sarkaria Commission recommended that Article 356 should be sparingly used.
Reason (R): The political parties that came to form the Government at the Centre misused Article 356.

(a) (R) is true, but (A) is false.
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

Correct Answer: (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Solution:The Sarkaria Commission was established in 1983 to consider and give recommendations on Centre-State relations. In its recommendation, the Commission suggested that exercise of Presidential Rule must be in rare or exceptional cases. Commission had expressed its view that Article 356 had been misused several times. Often, the declaration of President's Rule was made without considering other provisions. Thus Assertion (A) and Reason (R), are both correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

32. Which Commission advocated the establishment of a Permanent Inter-State Council, called ‘Inter-Governmental Council’? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

(a) Punchhi Commission
(b) Sarkaria Commission
(c) Radhakrishnan Commission
(d) Moily Commission

Correct Answer: (b) Sarkaria Commission

Solution:The Sarkaria-Commission recommended the establishment of a Permanent Inter-State Council in its report. On the recommendation of this report, in May, 1990 under Article 263 of the Constitution, by the President’s assent, an inter-state council was formed that was to be headed by the Prime Minister.

33. Which one of the following Commission did recommend the establishment of an Inter-Government Council in place of Inter-State Council? [Raj. P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

(a) Rajmannar Commission
(b) Punchhi Commission
(c) Administrative Reforms Commission, 1969
(d) Sarkaria Commission
(e) Question not attempted

Correct Answer: (d) Sarkaria Commission

Solution:In order to achieve cooperation between the States and the Centre, Article 263 of the Constitution considers the creation of an Inter-State Council. Therefore, the President may create such a council whenever he feels that doing so would be in the best interests of the general public. The Sarkaria Commission on Centre-State Relations (1983-88) recommended for the establishment of a permanent Inter-State Council under Article 263 of the Constitution. It suggested that the Inter-State Council should be referred to as the Inter-Governmental Council to distinguish it from other organisations founded under the same Article 263. In pursuance of the recommendations of the Commission, the Janata Dal Government headed by V. P. Singh established the Inter-State Council in 1990. It consists of the following members: (i) Prime minister as the Chairman (ii) Chief ministers of all the states (iii) Chief ministers of union territories having legislative assemblies (iv) Administrators of union territories not having legislative assemblies (v) Governors of States under President’s rule (vi) Six Central cabinet ministers, including the home minister, to be nominated by the Prime Minister. The council is a recommendatory body on issues relating to interstate, Centre-State and Centre-Union territories relations.

34. On the recommendation of which Commission/Committee, the Inter-state Council was set up in India? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(a) Punchhi Commission
(b) Rajmannar Commission
(c) Kothari Committee
(d) Sarkaria Commission

Correct Answer: (d) Sarkaria Commission

Solution:The Union Government, constituted a Commission in 1983 under the Chairmanship of Justice R.S. Sarkaria to review the working of the existing arrangements between the Union and the States. One of the important recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission was to establish a permanent Inter-State Council as an independent national forum for consultation with a mandate well-defined in accordance with Article 263 of the Constitution of India.

35. Which one of the following is not related to Union-State relations in India? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

(a) Sarkaria Commission
(b) Rajmannar Committee
(c) Indrajit Gupta Committee
(d) Punchhi Commission

Correct Answer: (c) Indrajit Gupta Committee

Solution:Indrajit Gupta Committee was established in 1998 to recommend on state funding of elections, while other three committees were related to Union-State relation in India. The Gupta Committee recommended that state funds should be given to only national and state parties allotted a symbol and not to independent candidates. The commission also suggested that the fund should be given in the form of certain facilities.

36. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason (R). [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2007]

Assertion (A): There has been a growing demand for a review of Centre-State relationship.

Reason (R): The States have no adequate resources to take up developmental projects.

In the light of above two statements, which one of the following is correct?

(a) Both (A) and (R) are individually true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are individually true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are individually true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Solution:Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). In the Union of India, the Central Government is more empowered than the State Governments. "...though the financial resources are divided between the Centre and States and among States, the Centre has more resources than the States. The States do not have sufficient resources and have to be dependent on Centre. This is why there has been a growing demand for a review of Centre-State relationship. So option (a) is correct.

37. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R): [U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) (Re-Exam) 2016]

Assertion (A): The Executive powers of the State are exercised to ensure the compliance of the law of the Parliament and the laws applied in the State.

Reason (R): The government of India can give necessary direction to the states by using its executive powers.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Solution:According to the Article 256, the executive power of every State shall be so exercised as to ensure compliance with the laws made by Parliament and any existing laws which apply in that State, and the executive power of the Union shall extend to the giving of such directions to a state as may appear to the Government of India to be necessary for that purpose. Thus, both statements (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

38. Which Article of the Indian Constitution describes "The Executive power of every State shall be so exercised as not to impede or prejudice the exercise of the Executive power of the Union." [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2011]

(a) Article 257
(b) Article 258
(c) Article 355
(d) Article 356

Correct Answer: (a) Article 257

Solution:According to Article 257(1) of the Indian Constitution, the executive power of every State shall be so exercised as not to impede or prejudice the exercise of the executive power of the Union; The executive power of the Union shall extend to giving such direction to states as may appear to Government of India necessary for that purpose.

39. Which Part of the Constitution of India describes the financial relations between Centre and States? [U.P. B.E.O. (Pre) 2019]

(a) Part X
(b) Part XI
(c) Part XII
(d) Part XIII

Correct Answer: (c) Part XII

Solution:Originally, the Indian Constitution had 22 Parts. Some parts are as follows:

Part X - The Scheduled and Tribal Areas
Part XI - Relations between the union and the states
Part XII - Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits
Part XIII - Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within the Territory of India.

Thus, the correct answer is option (c).

40. The financial relations between the Union Government and States have been discussed under- [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]

(a) Article 168 to 171
(b) Article 268 to 281
(c) Article 278 to 291
(d) Article 289 to 295

Correct Answer: (b) Article 268 to 281

Solution:Distribution of Revenues between the Union Government and States is provided under Article 268 to Article 281 of the Indian Constitution. These articles consist of provisions for Duties and Taxes levied by the Union; Grant-in-aid, constitution and Function of the Finance Commission, etc.

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