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The Constitutional Development of India

📆 September 18, 2024

Total Questions: 41

9. Read the following statements with reference to the Indian Councils Act (1861) and choose the correct option: [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(i) As a result of this Act, total members of Executive Council of Governor General became 7.

(ii) For legislative work, number of additional members could be minimum of 6 and maximum of 12.

(iii) No differentiation was made between State and Central subjects.

Which of the above statements is/are true?

Correct Answer: (b) (ii) and (ⅲ)
Solution:The Indian Councils Act 1861, transformed the Viceroy's Executive Council into a miniature cabinet running on the portfolio system. All the five members were assigned a department out of Revenue, Finance, Law, Home and Military, as the head for the executive functions. In 1874 a sixth member was added to the executive council for Public Works Department. For legislative works, number of additional members was determined to be minimum 6 and maximum 12, which were to be nominated by viceroy for 2 years. At least Half of the additional members were to be non-official. No differentiation was made between Central and Provincial subjects.

10. Read the following statement with respect to the Indian Council Act, 1892 and choose the correct option : [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(i) It was implemented on 20th June, 1892.

(ii) Out of total 24 member, 5 were non-government member.

(iii) Member were given to rights to ask supplementary question.

Which of the above statements is/are true?

Correct Answer: (d) None of the above
Solution:The British Parliament passed the Indian Council Act, 1892. It gathered the royal assent on June 20, 1892 and was commenced on February 3, 1893. Thus statement (i) is wrong. The number of additional member elected to the Governor-General's Council was increased to a minimum ten to maximum sixteen member. Among these additional member at least half had to be non-official. Thus as per rule, of this Act, in these additional member 6 were official and 10 were non official. In non-official member both Indian and European are included. Thus statement (ii) is wrong. In this Act, right to discuss the budget was given but member were not given the right to ask supplementary questions. Thus statement (iii) is also wrong.

11. Under Which of the following Act, Legislative Council of India received the power to discuss the budget? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]

Correct Answer: (b) Indian Council Act, 1892
Solution:The Indian Council Act, 1892 increased the functioning of the Legislative Council. The council was given the power to discuss the Budget, but not the power to vote. The Act permitted addressing questions to the executive, with prior-notice of 6 days. But the power to ask supplementary questions was not given.

12. Which of the following Act provided for communal representation in British India? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]

Correct Answer: (b) Minto-Morley Reforms, 1909
Solution:The Indian Councils Act, 1909 introduced a separate electorate for communal representation to the Muslim community and thus sowed the seeds of separatism that eventually led to the partition of the country.

13. The Act of 1909 was associated with [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]

Correct Answer: (a) Introduction of separate electorate
Solution:The Indian Councils Act, 1909 introduced a separate electorate for communal representation to the Muslim community and thus sowed the seeds of separatism that eventually led to the partition of the country.

14. By which one of the following Acts was the Federal Court in India created? [UPPCS. (Pre) 2014]

Correct Answer: (d) None of the above 
Solution:The Federal Court in India was established on 1 October, 1937 by the Government of India Act, 1935. Sir Maurice Gwyer was its first Chief Justice. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

15. The Federal Court of India was established in which of the following year? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]

Correct Answer: (b) 1937
Solution:The Federal Court in India was established on 1 October, 1937 by the Government of India Act, 1935. Sir Maurice Gwyer was its first Chief Justice. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

16. Under which of the following Acts, Dyarchy was Introduced at Central level? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (c) Government of India Act, 1935
Solution:The salient features of the Government of India Act, 1935 were-

(i) Dyarchy was introduced at the Central level. Provincial Dyarchy, as envisaged in the Government of India Act, 1919, was abolished. Central subjects were divided into-Reserved and Transferred subjects.

(ii) The Government of India Act, 1935 proposed to set up All India Federation comprising of the British India Provinces and the Princely States.

(iii) The supremacy of the British Parliament remained in Act under the Government of India Act, 1935.

(iv) Burma was separated from India with effect from April, 1937

(V) The Government of India Act, 1935 abolished the Council of the Secretary of State for India, which was created in 1858.

(vi) The Federal Court of India was established on 1 October, 1937, Sir Maurice Gwyer was its first Chief Justice.

(vii) The Central Federal Bank was established under this Act which was later known as the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

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