The State Legislature (Indian Polity and Governance) Part-II

The Governor serves as the chief executive head of a state. However, like the President at the national level, the Governor acts as a titular or nominal head (constitutional head). Additionally, the Governor functions as an agent of the central government, giving the office a dual role.
While each state usually has its own Governor, the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1956 allows the same person to be appointed as Governor for two or more states. Though primarily a nominal head of the state executive, the Governor holds considerable influence in the state's polity through various executive, legislative, and judicial powers.

The Governor serves as the chief executive head of a state. However, like the President at the national level, the Governor acts as a titular or nominal head (constitutional head). Additionally, the Governor functions as an agent of the central government, giving the office a dual role.
While each state usually has its own Governor, the 7th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1956 allows the same person to be appointed as Governor for two or more states. Though primarily a nominal head of the state executive, the Governor holds considerable influence in the state's polity through various executive, legislative, and judicial powers.

Qualifications of Members of Legislative Assembly
A person shall not be qualified to be selected to occupy a seat in the Legislature of a State unless he/she
(a) is an Indian citizen;
(b) is 25 years or above for Legislative Assembly, and is 30 or above for Legislative Council, and
(c) possess such other qualifications as may be prescribed by the Parliament.
Thus, the Representation of the People Act, 1951, has provided that a person shall not be elected either to the Legislative Assembly or the Council unless he is himself an elector for any Legislative Assembly constituency in that State. A person can be disqualified for being selected as and for being a member of the Legislative Assembly or Legislative Council of a State if he/she
(a) holds an office of profit under GOI or any State Government, other than that of a Minister at the centre or any state or an office declared by a law of the State not to disqualify its holder (many States have passed such laws declaring certain offices to be offices the holding of which does not disqualify its holder for being a member of the Legislature of that States)
(b) is mentally unsound as declared by a competent Court
(c) is an undischarged insolvent
(d) is not an Indian citizen or has voluntarily got the citizenship of a foreign State or is under any acknowledgement of adherence/allegiance to a foreign nation
(e) is so disqualified by or under any law made by Parliament

(a). is a citizen of India.

(b). is in the case of the Legislative Assembly, not less than twenty-five year of age and in the case of Legislative Council not less than thirty years of age, and

(c). possesses such other qualifications as may be prescribed in that behalf by or under any law made by Parliament.

Hence, statement 1 is wrong. According to the Representation of People Act 1951, a person convicted of any offence and sentenced to imprisonment for not less than two years shall be disqualified from the date of such conviction and shall continue to be disqualified for a further six years from his release. So this is not permanent. Hence statement 2 is also wrong. So the correct answer is an option (d).

The Chief Minister advises the Governor on the appointment of the Council of Ministers, meaning the Governor can only appoint those individuals recommended by the Chief Minister. Ministers serve at the discretion of the Governor.
While the Council of Ministers is typically appointed from the state legislature, either the legislative assembly or council, a person who is not yet a member can also be appointed. However, such a minister must join either House within six months, or he/she will lose ministerial position..

Legislative Procedure
The Parliamentary procedure followed in the Assembly and the Council is the same as in Parliament.
1. The State Legislature must meet at least twice a year and the interval between any two sessions should not be more than six months.
2. The Governor delivers the opening address at the beginning of a new session in which he outlines the policy of the State Government.
3. Any Bill may be introduced in either House of the Legislature except a Money Bill, which can be introduced only in the Assembly. It has to go through three readings, after which it goes to the Governor for his assent. The Governor may send it back for reconsideration but once it is passed again by the Legislature, he cannot withhold his assent.
4. He may reserve certain Bills for the consideration of the President, who may ask him to place it before the Legislature for reconsideration. When it is passed again with or without amendment it goes to the President for his consideration.
5. The President is not bound to give his assent even though the Bill has been considered and passed for a second time by the State Legislature. In case the Assembly is dissolved before a Bill is passed, or it is passed by the Assembly but is pending before the Council, it will lapse.
6. But in case of Bils which have been duly passed by the Assembly, if there is only one House in the State, and by the Assembly and the Council where there are two House, and is awaiting the assent of the Governor or the President it does not lapse.
7. A bill which has been returned either by the Governor or the President for reconsideration can be considered and passed by the newly constituted Assembly, even though the Bil was originally passed by the dissolved House