The Universe Part-2

Total Questions: 50

11. Which of the following statements is true regarding earth movement? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

1. Earth rotates on its axis from west to east resulting into seasonal changes.

2. Earth revolution around sun results into occurrence of day and night on earth.

(a) Both 1 and 2 are true
(b) Only 2 is true
(c) Both 1 and 2 are false
(d) Only 1 is true

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2 are false

Solution:Night and day occur on the earth due to the rotation of the earth on its axis from west to east, whereas due to the rotation of the earth around the sun, the seasons change on the earth.

12. The substances present at the centre of the sun are in: [U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2001]

(a) Solid, liquid and gaseous states
(b) Liquid state only
(c) Gaseous state only
(d) Both liquid and gaseous state
(e) Gas & Plasma

Correct Answer: (e) Gas & Plasma

Solution:The temperature of the centre of the the sun is very high (nearly 15000000° C) and because of such a high temperature, all the substance present at the Centre of the sun are in the form of Gas and Plasma. Plasma is the fourth state of a matter.

13. Solar energy is due to - [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2006, U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2001, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]

(a) Ionization
(b) Nuclear Fusion
(c) Nuclear Fission
(d) Oxidation

Correct Answer: (b) Nuclear Fusion

Solution:The nuclear reaction may be divided into two categories namely, nuclear fusion and nuclear fission. In nuclear fission, one heavy nucleus divides into two or more nuclei while in nuclear fusion process two or more small nuclei combine together to form a heavy nucleus. Energy, Heat and light released by stars are due to the nuclear fusion. H²+H²He + Energy

14. Diamond Ring is a phenomenon observed: [I.A.S. (Pre) 1996]

(a) At the start of a total solar eclipse
(b) At the end of a total solar eclipse
(c) Only along the peripheral regions of the totality trail
(d) Only in the central regions of the totality trail

Correct Answer: (c) Only along the peripheral regions of the totality trail

Solution:The diamond-ring effect occurs at the beginning and end of totality during a total solar eclipse. As the last bits of sunlight pass through the valley on the moon's limb and the faint corona around the sun is just becoming visible, it looks like a ring with a glittering diamond on it. Notably, the maximum duration of a total solar eclipse can not more than 7.5 minutes

15. The Planet Mercury is revolving around the Sun in an elliptical orbit, as shown in the given figure. The Kinetic energy of Mercury is greatest at the point labelled. [I.A.S. (Pre) 1997]

(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D

Correct Answer: (a) A

Solution:The closer a planet is to the sun, the stronger the sun's gravitational pull on it. Thus, the planet moves faster. Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system. It's just a little bigger than Earth's Moon. Mercury itself, though, doesn't have any moons. It is the closest planet to the Sun, but it's actually not the hottest. Venus is hotter.

Along with Venus, Earth, and Mars, Mercury is one of the rocky planets. It has a solid surface that is covered with craters. Instead of an atmosphere, Mercury possesses a thin exosphere made up of atoms blasted off the surface by the solar wind and striking meteoroids. Mercury's exosphere is composed mostly of oxygen, sodium, hydrogen, helium, and potassium. Mercury doesn't have any moons.

16. Which of the following planet takes the least time to Forbit the sun? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Pluto
(b) Mercury
(c) Earth
(d) Saturn

Correct Answer: (b) Mercury

Solution:The planet Mercury takes the least time to complete one rotation around the sun. The time taken by all eight planets to complete one revolution around the Sun is as follows-

Planet	Orbital Period
Mercury	88 Days
Venus	224 Days
Earth	365.2 Days
Mars	687 Days
Jupiter	11.86 Years
Saturn	29.4 Years
Uranus	84.07 Years
Neptune	164.9 Years

17. Which of the following pairs of planets is without satellites? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]

(a) Venus and Mars
(b) Mercury and Mars
(c) Earth and Jupiter
(d) Mercury and Venus

Correct Answer: (d) Mercury and Venus

Solution:Venus and Mercury are the only planets in the solar system which do not have any natural satellites or Moon, while Earth has 1 moon, Mars-2 moons, Jupiter-95 moons, Saturn-146 moons, Uranus- 27 moons and Neptune has 14 moons.

18. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2008]

1. The albedo of an object determines its visual brightness when viewed with reflected light.

2. The albedo of Mercury is much greater than the albedo of the Earth.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (a) 1 only

Solution:The term albedo is commonly used to describe the reflective properties of the planet Satellite and asteroids Planet. Mercury receives greater sunlight in comparison to Earth but its albedo is less than that of Earth. The Albedo of Mercury is approx 0.1 while the albedo of Earth, it is approx. 0.3. Thus, only first statement is true that is why option (a) is correct.

19. The hottest planet of the solar system is- [41 st B .P.S.C. (Pre) 1996]

(a) Mercury
(b) Venus
(c) Mars
(d) Earth

Correct Answer: (b) Venus

Solution:Average temperature of all Planet in our Solar System is as follows-

Planet	Average Temperature (°C)
Mercury	167°C
Venus	464°C
Earth	15°C
Mars	-65°C
Jupiter	-110°C
Saturn	-140°C
Uranus	-195°C
Neptune	-200°C

Thus, Venus is the hottest planet in our Solar System and Neptune is the coldest planet.

20. Which planet is known as the 'Evening Star'? [44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000]

(a) Mars
(b) Jupiter
(c) Venus
(d) Saturn

Correct Answer: (c) Venus

Solution:Venus is known the Evening Star and also as the Morning Star while Mars is called the Red Planet, and Saturn has lowest density among all planets (lower than water also).

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