The Universe Part-2

It is the second planet from the Sun and the sixth largest planet. It is the hottest planet in the Solar System, even though Mercury is twice as close to the Sun and receives four times more solar energy. Venus' atmosphere traps heat from the sun as an extreme version of the greenhouse effect that warms Earth. Temperatures on Venus reach 880 degrees Fahrenheit (471 degrees Celsius), which is more than hot enough to melt lead. Venus and Earth are often called twins because they are similar in size, mass, density, composition, and gravity. Venus is only a little bit smaller than Earth, with amass of about 80% of Earth's. It is not a gas planet, but a rocky planet. The interior of Venus is made up of a central iron core and a rocky mantle, similar in composition to Earth. Its atmosphere is made up of mainly carbon dioxide (96%) and nitrogen (3.5%), with trace amounts of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, water vapour, argon, and helium making up the other 0.5%.

The crust is the uppermost layer of the Earth. It possesses just 1% of Earth's mass but contains almost all known life in the universe. The crust, created by the dynamic geologic forces, continues to be shaped by the planet's movement and energy. Plate tectonics is responsible for the formation and destruction of crustal materials. The Earth's Mantle is divided into mainly two layersi.e., the Upper mantle and the Lower mantle. The discontinuity between the upper mantle and the lower mantle is known as Repetti Discontinuity. The extremely hot and dense center of our planet is known as the Earth's core. The Gutenberg discontinuity signals the end of the mantle and the commencement of Earth's liquid outer core.

Earth is made up of several layers. According to the mechanical properties, Earth's layers are the Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Lower mantle (also known as mesospheric mantle), Outer core, and Inner core. Chemically, the layers are the Crust, Mantle, and Core.

The crust is the uppermost layer of the Earth. It possesses just 1% of Earth's mass but contains almost all known life in the universe. The crust, created by the dynamic geologic forces, continues to be shaped by the planet's movement and energy. Plate tectonics is responsible for the formation and destruction of crustal materials. The Earth's Mantle is divided into mainly two layersi.e., the Upper mantle and the Lower mantle. The discontinuity between the upper mantle and the lower mantle is known as Repetti Discontinuity. The extremely hot and dense center of our planet is known as the Earth's core. The Gutenberg discontinuity signals the end of the mantle and the commencement of Earth's liquid outer core.

The shape of Earth is nearest to an oblate spheroid. Earth is pudgier at the equator than at Poles due to earth rotation. Earth is not perfectly spherical in shape and this shape known as Geoid. Thus, Reason (R) is true.