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The Universe Part-5

📆 October 23, 2024

Total Questions: 52

11. The Equator does not pass through which of the following countries? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]

Correct Answer: (b) Mexico
Solution:Equator passes through 13 countries which are as follows:

(1) Brazil

(2) Colombia

(3) Democratic Republic of the Congo

(4) Ecuador

(5) Gabon

(6) Indonesia

(7) Kenya

(8) Kiribati

(9) Republic of the Congo

(10) Sao Tome and Principe

(11) Somalia

(12) Uganda

(13) Maldives

From the above list, it is now clear that the Equator passes through Colombia, Kenya and Indonesia. Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

12. Which of the following countries are located on the Equator? [U.P.P.C.S (Pre) 2010]

1. Brunei

2. Colombia

3. Kenya

4. Venezuela

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Code:

Correct Answer: (b) 2 and 3
Solution:Equator passes through 13 countries which are as follows:

(1) Brazil

(2) Colombia

(3) Democratic Republic of the Congo

(4) Ecuador

(5) Gabon

(6) Indonesia

(7) Kenya

(8) Kiribati

(9) Republic of the Congo

(10) Sao Tome and Principe

(11) Somalia

(12) Uganda

(13) Maldives

From the above list, it is now clear that the Equator passes through Colombia, Kenya and Indonesia. Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

13. The equator passes through- [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]

Correct Answer: (c) Kenya
Solution:Equator passes through 13 countries which are as follows:

(1) Brazil

(2) Colombia

(3) Democratic Republic of the Congo

(4) Ecuador

(5) Gabon

(6) Indonesia

(7) Kenya

(8) Kiribati

(9) Republic of the Congo

(10) Sao Tome and Principe

(11) Somalia

(12) Uganda

(13) Maldives

From the above list, it is now clear that the Equator passes through Colombia, Kenya and Indonesia. Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.

14. The latitude at which 'Annual Range of Temperature remains minimum is- [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1999]

Correct Answer: (a) Equator
Solution:Annual temperature difference at the Equator is minimum throughout the year. Since sun rays fall almost perpendicular through out the year, there is little temperature fluctuation throughout the year. There is no winter season in equator region.

15. Which one of the following cities is nearest to the equator? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2008]

Correct Answer: (d) Singapore
Solution:

Colombo is situated at 6° 55'30" North latitude, Jakarta at 6º 12' South latitude, Manila at 14° 35'30" North latitude and Singapore lies at 1°21' North latitude. Therefore, Singapore lies closest to the Equator (0º latitudes). Singapore is situated only at distance of 137 km from the Equator.

16. The Equator, Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, all the three pass through which one of the following Continents? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]

Correct Answer: (a) Africa
Solution:

The equator, Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn all the three lines pass through the African Continent. Equator and the Tropic of Capricorn pass through the South American continent.

17. Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a low- pressure zone, is located. [M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]

Correct Answer: (d) at the equator
Solution:The Intertropical Convergence Zone is a low-pressure zone located at the equator. The ITCZ is a low-pressure belt near the equator (between 5 degrees N and 5 degrees S latitudes) where trade winds from both hemispheres converge, causing upward movement of warm, moist air, resulting in clouds, frequent rainfall, and thunderstorms. IT is the convergence zone where the trade winds from the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere meet and ascend due to the Earth's rotation and Coriolis effect. The ITCZ is characterized by low atmospheric pressure, which results from the rising warm and moist air. The convergence of moist air creates a region of abundant rainfall and thunderstorms, making it one of the wettest areas on Earth. The ITCZ shifts its position northward during the Northern Hemisphere's summer and southward during the Southern Hemisphere's summer, following the apparent movement of the Sun. This seasonal movement influences the wet and dry seasons in tropical regions.

18. At the Winter Solstice the noon altitude of the Sun at on the Tropic of Cancer is : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]

Correct Answer: (b) 43.0°
Solution:The winter solstice falls around 22 December when rays of the Sun fall perpendicular upon the Tropic of Capricorn because the Earth is tilted at its axis by 23°30'. Therefore when at the Tropic of Capricorn elevation of the Sun is 90°, the elevation of the Sun at Tropic of Cancer will be 90°-47°= 43º at the same time. The difference between Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn is 23°30'+23°30'= 47°.

19. Which of the following statements is true regarding earth movement? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

1. Earth rotates on its axis from west to east resulting into seasonal changes.

2. Earth revolution around sun results into occurrence of day and night on earth.

Correct Answer: (d) Both 1 and 2 are false
Solution:Earth has seasons because it's axis of rotation is tilted at an angle of 23.5°. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.

It is worth mentioning that night and day occur due to the earth's rotation on it's axis. Hence statement 2 is also incorrect.

20. Which of the following phenomenon happens in India when the sun-shines vertically over the Tropic of Capricorn? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

Correct Answer: (a) High pressure develops over North-West India
Solution:When the sun shines vertically over Tropic of Capricorn, the northwestern part of India becomes colder than Arabian sea and high pressure develops over northwest India. During this time, the southern hemisphere experiences summer, while the northern hemisphere, including India, experiences winter. This results in lower temperatures in northwest India compared to the warmer Arabian Sea. The colder, denser air over northwest India sinks, leading to high pressure conditions. This high-pressure system over northwest India, coupled with the low pressure over the Arabian Sea, reverses the monsoon winds, causing them to flow from land to sea, bringing dry, cold air to India. By the end of December (22nd December), the sun shines vertically over the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere. The weather in this season is characterised by feeble high pressure conditions over the northern plain.
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