The Winds

Deflection of winds to the right direction in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere is due to Coriolis force. Coriolis force arises due to the rotation of the earth on its axis.

The Mediterranean Sea is located in Northern Hemisphere between 30°-40° latitude. This area is under a subtropical high-pressure dynamic belt. Summer trade wind and westerly(anti-trade) winter wind blows from these latitude. It means Westerly blows from this latitude toward the south- west to north-east and trade wind flows from these latitude toward north-east to south-west.

Monsoon are those seasonal winds whose direction reverses as per the season. For six months during summer, these winds flow from sea to land and during the winter season, these winds flow from land to sea. According to Dr. Rama Shastry, "Monsoonal winds blow on a large scale over an expanded region. Their direction reverses as per the change in season. According to Dr. H.G. Dubey, "Reversal of wind system is the keynote of monsoonal climate. Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

Chinook means "snow-eater". Chinook winds are most common during winter and early spring descending along the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains from Colorado (USA) into British Columbia (Canada) in the north. Chinook is a hot wind that blows in winter and therefore raises the temperature within a short time. The increase in temperature results in the melting of snow, making pasture land available for grazing of animals.