The World Climate

Total Questions: 42

41. The main factor which determines the climate of any area is [U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]

(a) Altitude
(b) Latitude
(c) Types of vegetation
(d) proximity to the sea

Correct Answer: (b) Latitude

Solution:Latitude is the main factor which determines the climate of any area. The major belts of the climate have been divided according to the different latitudes. Latitude, or the distance north or south of the equator, is a major factor because it influences the amount of solar radiation a region receives. Areas near the equator receive more direct sunlight and experience warmer temperatures, while areas further from the equator (higher latitudes) receive less direct sunlight and experience cooler temperatures.

Other Important Factors:

Altitude: Higher altitudes generally have cooler temperatures than lower altitudes, as the air is thinner and less able to retain heat.
Proximity to Water: Areas near large bodies of water (oceans, seas, large lakes) tend to have milder climates compared to inland areas, due to the moderating effect of water.
Ocean Currents: Ocean currents can transport warm or cold water, influencing the temperatures of coastal regions.
Relief Features: Mountains and other landforms can affect rainfall patterns and temperatures, creating distinct local climates.
Winds and Air Masses: Prevailing winds and air masses can transport moisture and temperature, influencing the climate of a region.

42. By which of the following is the maximum percentage of Earth covered? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Arid Region
(b) Semiarid Region
(c) Sub humid land
(d) Humid Region

Correct Answer: (a) Arid Region

Solution:About one-third area on Earth is covered by arid region which is greater than all other geographical regions. Arid regions are characterized by low precipitation, high temperatures, and low humidity, leading to scarce vegetation cover. Arid regions, encompassing hyper-arid, arid, and semi-arid zones, occupy roughly 26-35% of the Earth's land surface.

These regions are found in various parts of the world, including North and South America, North Africa, the Sahelian region, Africa South of the Equator, the Near East, and Asia and the Pacific regions between latitudes of 15 and 30° in both northern and southern hemispheres. Arid and semi-arid lands include various biomes like tropical grasslands, savannas, warm and cold deserts, and temperate grasslands.

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The World Climate

41. The main factor which determines the climate of any area is [U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]

42. By which of the following is the maximum percentage of Earth covered? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002]

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