Tughluq Dynasty

21. Who among the following translated 300 volumes Sanskrit books collected by Firoz Tuglaq during the campaign of Nagarkot ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

(a) Talib Amuli
(b) Mulla Abdul baqi
(c) Mirza Muhammad Ali
(d) Azizuddin Khan

Correct Answer: (d) Azizuddin Khan

Solution:During the Nagarkot expedition of Firoz Shah Tughlaq, he collected some 1300 Sanskrit manuscript from Jawalamukhi temple library along with other loots. Later on he got them translated into persian by Azizuddin Khan.

22. The first Indian ruler to organize Hai pilgrimage from the State Exchequer was : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998, I.A.S. 1994]

(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Firuz Tughluq
(c) Akbar
(d) Aurangzeb

Correct Answer: (b) Firuz Tughluq

Solution:Firuz Tughluq was the first Indian ruler to organize Haj pilgrimage from the state exchequer. He completed many welfare works such as he opened the employment office and an orphanage, which was known as 'Diwan-e-Khairat.' He also opened a charitable hospital known as 'Dar-ul-Shafa' and also placed qualified Hakeems in it.

23. What was 'Dar-ul-Shafa' established by Firuz Tughluq ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013, 53ʳᵈ to 55ᵗʰ B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]

(a) An almshouse
(b) A free hospital
(c) A library
(d) A guest house for pilgrims

Correct Answer: (b) A free hospital

Solution:Firuz Tughluq was the first Indian ruler to organize Haj pilgrimage from the state exchequer. He completed many welfare works such as he opened the employment office and an orphanage, which was known as 'Diwan-e-Khairat.' He also opened a charitable hospital known as 'Dar-ul-Shafa' and also placed qualified Hakeems in it.

24. Who was the last ruler of the Tughluq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate ? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2004]

(a) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(b) Ghiyasuddin Tughluq Shah-II
(c) Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah
(d) Nusrat Shah

Correct Answer: (c) Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah

Solution:Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah (1394-1412) was the last ruler of Tughluq dynasty. During his reign, Khwaja Jahan founded the independent state of Jaunpur. Nusrat Shah, another son of Firuz Shah, had challenged Nasiruddin. As a result, Tughluq dynasty was divided into two parts. Both the rulers ruled over Delhi at the same time. Nasiruddin was in Delhi and Nusrat Shah in Firozabad. The great Mongol commander Timur attacked (1398 century) on India in the reign of Nasiruddin Mahmod. The statement "The dominion of the Shanshah Lord of the Universe extended from Delhi to Palam "was famous saying for this ruler.

25. In whose reign did Timur invaded India ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]

Correct Answer: (e) Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah

Solution:The invasion of Timur on India took place in the year 1398 A.D. during the reign of Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah (1394- 1412). Timur himself mentioned the purposes of invasion of India. Timur's objective of attacking India was to fight and destroy the Kafirs and plunder wealth. Before leaving India, he appointed Khizr Khan as subedar of Multan, Depalpur and Lahore.

26. In which year did Timur Lang attack India ? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]

(a) 1210 A.D.
(b) 1398 A.D.
(c) 1492 A.D.
(d) 1526 A.D.

Correct Answer: (b) 1398 A.D.

Solution:The invasion of Timur on India took place in the year 1398 A.D. during the reign of Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah (1394- 1412). Timur himself mentioned the purposes of invasion of India. Timur's objective of attacking India was to fight and destroy the Kafirs and plunder wealth. Before leaving India, he appointed Khizr Khan as subedar of Multan, Depalpur and Lahore.

27. Which one of the following dynasties ruled over India after the invasion of Timur ? [45ᵗʰ B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]

(a) Lodi Dynasty
(b) Sayyid dynasty
(c) Tughluq Dynasty
(d) Khalji Dynasty

Correct Answer: (b) Sayyid dynasty

Solution:The invasion of Timur (1398 A.D.) destroyed both Delhi Sultanate as well as the Tughluq dynasty. Tughluq dynasty came to an end with the death of Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah in 1412 AD, after that, Daulat Khan became the new Sultan of Delhi in 1413 AD. However, Khizr Khan defeated him. who was the Subedar of Lahore, appointed by Timur. He founded Sayyid dynasty in 1414 AD.

28. Arrange the following in their chronological order : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2003]

1. Rikn-ud-din

2. Mubarak Khan

3. Firuz Shah Tughluq

4. Alam Shah

Select the correct answer from the codes given below :

(a) 2, 1, 4, 3
(b) 1, 2, 4, 3
(c) 1, 2, 3, 4
(d) 2, 1, 3, 4

Correct Answer: (c) 1, 2, 3, 4

Solution:

List-I	List-II
A. Rukn-ud-din	1236 A.D.
B. Mubarak Khan	1316-1320 A.D.
C. Firuz Shah Tughluq	1351-1388 A.D.
D. Alam Shah	1445-1451 A.D.

After the death of Iltutmish, Rukn-ud-din became the ruler in 1236 AD while Iltutmish had appointed Raziyya as his successor. Mubarak Khan became the sultan of Delhi by the name of Mubarak Khalji in 1316. Firuz Shah Tughluq ruled over Delhi from 1351 to 1388 and Alam Shah of Sayyid dynasty ruled from 1445 to 1451 AD.

29. The most learned ruler of the Delhi sultanate who was well versed in various branches of learning including Astronomy, Mathematics and Medicine was [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]

(a) Iltutmish
(b) Alauddin Khalji
(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(d) Sikandar Lodi

Correct Answer: (c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq

Solution:Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq (1325-1351 AD) was the most learned ruler among all the Sultans of Delhi Sultanate. He was well versed in astronomy, mathematics and medical science and other genres.

30. Which Sultan introduced new Department "Aamir-e- Kohi"? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004, Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]

(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(d) Sikandar Lodi