UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Dec. 2020/June-2021 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Paper-II) (SHIFT-I)

Total Questions: 100

41. Who among the following are not supporters of positive liberty?

А. Т. Н. Green
B. John Locke
C. Harold Laski
D. Jeremy Bentham

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) B and D only
Solution:

Positive liberty is the capacity to take charge of one's life and fulfill one's core goals. Positive liberty can occasionally be assigned to collectivities or to people who predominantly seen as member of certain collectivities. John Locke, Jeremy Bentham, Robert Nozick and Hayek are belongs to Negative liberty. T:H Green, Harold Laski and Hobson belong to positive liberty.

42. What are the central beliefs of conservatism?

A. Tradition
B. Hierarchy and Authority
C. Social Darwinism
D. Social Liberalism

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A and B only
Solution:

Conservatism frequently reject progressivism and call for a return to traditional principle. The central belief of conservatism believes in hierarchy and Authority. For conservatism, authority comes from above rather than the individual.

43. Which of the following aspects have been defended by J. S. Mil?

A. The rights of women
B. Bentham's utilitarianism in toto
C. Married woman's property bill
D. Patriarchy

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A and C only
Solution:

J. S. Mill was a liberal, utilitarian and naturalist whose writings investigate the effects of an intensely empiricist approach, His most significant publications were an examination of Sir William Hamilton's Philosophy (1861), Utilitarianism (1861), on Liberty (1859), System of Logic (1843) and Subjection of Women (1869). Mill applies his liberal principles to issues of sexual equality primarily in the subjection of women.

44. Which of the following statements about Hegel are true?

A. State is the march of God on Earth
B. Hegel regarded women as inferior, with less reasoning abilities
C. Hegel rejected the concept of civil society
D. Hegel does not believe in war

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A and B only
Solution:

Hegel's theory of state in his greatest contribution to political philosophy. The premise "What is rational is real and what is real is rational" serves as the foundation for his theory of state. Hegel is his book the philosophy of Right, "Women are capable of education, but they are not made for activities which demand a universal faculty such as the more advanced sciences, philosophy and certain forms."

45. Which of the following about Raja Rammohan Roy are true?

A. He was influenced by the Upanishads
B. He was a rationalist and supporter of monotheism
C. He was an atheist
D. He was critical of the principle of trinitarianism advocated by Christianity

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) A, B and D only
Solution:

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was an Indian reformer who was one of the founders of the Brahma Sabha. He claimed that Vedanta's care teaching of monotheism is also true. His concept of single, Unitarian deity served as a corrective to the tri theism of traditional Christianity.

46. Which of the following statements about Balgangadhar Tilak are true?

A. He envisioned the formation of linguistic states
B. He was both a restless nationalist and a realist
C. He prefered political freedom over social reform
D. For Tilak, political liberation and rights can be achieved through direct action and pressure

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A, B, C and D
Solution:

Balgangadhar Tilak developed a love of Sanskrit and respect for tradition Indian religion and culture. He envisioned the formation of linguistic states. He was both arestless nationalist and realist.

47. Sri Aurobindo conceives nationalism as

A. Spiritual nationalism, different from the western concept of nationalism
B. A nation as an organism
C. Nationalism as a religious aspiration and moral attitude
D. Nation as a geographical entity

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A, B and C only
Solution:

Aurobindo made an effort to combine the idealism legacy of Indian Philosophy with the materialist movement in western philosophy. He believed that the "nation" is a powerful "Shakti" made up of all the shaktis of all the millions ofcomponent the comprise the nation.

48. Which of the following are prerequisites of the comparative method?

A. Conceptual framework as a factor in unit selection
B. Comparable conceptual issues as a focus of inquiry
C. Definition of the focus of inquiry
D. Theory building

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A, B and C only
Solution:

Conceptual framework as a factor in unit selection, comparable conceptual issues as a focus of inquiry and definition of the focus of inquiry are prerequisites of the comparative method, the comparative technique gives the best opportunity to do scientific research.

49. Which of the following are related to Karl W. Deutsch's approach of communication in Comparative Politics?

A. Political system is like a machine working on the basis of information
B. In his theory, homeostasis, instead of equilibrium, is used for dynamism
C. Emphasis is given on structure and functionalism
D. Output functions are given more  importance

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A and B only
Solution:

According to Deutsch's, feedback operates on all the organizations inside a political system, the feedback mechanism has given the political system a certain amount of dynamism.

50. Which amongst the following are reasons for the emergence of Neo-colonialism?

A. Weakened position of European powers
B. Rise of consciousness against imperialism
C. India's foreign policy
D. Japan's foreign policy for

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A and B only
Solution:

The phrase " Neo-colonialism" was first used after world war II to describe former colonies continued reliance on their nations Reasons for the emergence of Neo-colonialismWeakened position of European powers, Rise of consciousness against imperialism, The needs of the Developed states, Impact of cold war etc.