UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Dec. 2020/June-2021 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Paper-II) (SHIFT-I)

In his book " The Human Side of the Enterprise" from 1960, American management professor Mr. Douglas Murray McGregor presented two opposing viewpoints, the theory known as 'X' and theory 'Y'.

Theory X has assumption stating: three the average human prefers to be directed, wishes to avoid responsibility, has relatively little ambition and wants security above all. So statement A is correct, B is correct, C is correct. Statement D is incorrect.

Performance-based budget is a budget that is allocated by ascertaining the outcomes of the proposals of a budget. The budget presents the purpose for which the founds are being allocated and reflects the input of resources and the output of services of every unit of an organisation.

Frederick Winslow Taylor is headily referred to as the "Father of scientific management". Hе developed the Techniques of scientific management through a series of trials. Functional Foremanship was one of these methods. So, A is wrong. Mary Parker Follet is called as "The mother of modern administration".

A new style to conservatism that adopted a nationalist approach to politics was introduced to the ideological spectrum by the New Rights, which developed out of political and social development in the 1960s It has two different schools Austrian and Chicago.

1. Crash Scheme of Rural Employment → The Government of India initiated this scheme during the 1970s. It aims to creation of wage employment in rural area.

2. National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme → It was initiated in 2005 later renamed as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2009.

3. Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme → This programme is launched by Indira Gandhi on 15 August 1983 under the sixth five year plan. It was limited to landless laboures with guaranteed employment of 100 days.

Catherine Mackinnon Catharine ⇒ Mackinnon's insightful examination of politics, secularity and the law from the perspective of women is presented in "Toward a Feminist Theory of the State.

Susan Moller Okin ⇒ In Justice, Gender and the Family.

C. S. Firestone ⇒ The Dialectic of Sex: The case for Feminist Revolution.

Bell Hook ⇒ "Feminism is for everybody: Passionate Politics".

Hannah Arendt ⇒ Bureaucratic Terror

Mao Zedong ⇒ Cultural Revolution.

Frantz Fanon ⇒ Apartheid

Plato ⇒ Allegory of caves

Fatawa-i-Jahand-ari ⇒ This book is written by Zia Barani Zia Barani is an Indo-Islamic political theorist.

Thoughts on Linguistic States ⇒ It is written by B. R. Ambedkar and published in 1955.

India Independent ⇒ Written by Charles Bettelheim and published in 1968.

The Future of Indian Politics ⇒ This book is written by M. N. Roy and published in 1926.

Lord Bryce ⇒ The book modern Democracies written by Lord Bryce published in 1921 deals with the basic principles, characteristics and valuation of democratic government.

Graham Wallace ⇒ Wallace had argued in 'human nature in politics' that new political science should favor psychological elements such non rational behaviour.

Gabriel Almond ⇒  The comparative political system, this book is a study of specific government and grouping government.

Charles E. Merriam ⇒ In new aspects of politics, mentioned greater use of statistics and measurement.

SALT-I ⇒ Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty I (SALT-I) was first signed between US and USSR in 1972. ⇒ For barring anti ballistic missile system.

SALT-II ⇒ SALT II came in 1979 due to the failure of SALT.

START-I ⇒ Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty is a bilateral treaty between US & USSR, Signed in 1990.

INF Treaty ⇒ The intermediate - range nuclear forces treaty of 1987.