UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Dec. 2020/June-2021 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Paper-II) (SHIFT-II)

Total Questions: 100

41. Who among the following are postmodernist thinkers?

A. Michel Foucault
B. Levi Strauss
C. Jean Francois Lyotard
D. John Rawls

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) A and C only
Solution:

Scholars of Post-Modernism: Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, Jean Francois Lyotard, Richard Rorty, Jean Baudrillard, Fedric Jamreson, Douglas Kellner. Postmodernism denies the existence of unmediated reality or objectively rational knowledge, claiming that all interpretations are reliant on the view point.

42. Shallow Ecologists believed in

A. Health and prosperity of people
B. Antigrowth
C. Sustainable growth
D. Ecocentrism

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A and Conly
Solution:

Shallow Ecologists believed in the health and prosperity of people and sustainable growth.

• It rejects ecocentrism and bio centrism.
• Nature is only valuable in the context of human need.

43. Who among the following has dubbed Marxism as a totalitarian doctrine?

A. Karl Popper
B. Isaiah Berlin
C. Hannah Arendt
D. Antonio Gramsci

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A and C only
Solution:

Karl Popper in his works the poverty of Historicism and the open Society and its enemies studies Totalitarianism. The origins of Totalitarianism by Hannah Arendt is a seminal work in the history of totalitarianism theory.

44. Which of the following books are NOT written by Confucius?

A. Books of Changes
B. Books of Animals
C. Books of Songs
D. Books of Summers and Winters

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) B and D only
Solution:

The Confucian Scriptures, particularly the "Five classics" and "Four Books" are at the heart of the Confucian tradition. Books ⇒
• The Great Learning
• Analects
• Mencius
• The Doctrine of the Mean.

Five classics ⇒
• Book of Documents
• Book of Odes
• Book of Rites
• Book of Changes
• Spring and Autumn Annals

45. John Rawls believed in:

A. Difference principle
B. Entitlement principle
C. Egalitarianism
D. Libertarianism

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A and C only
Solution:

John Rawls states in his theory of pure procedural justice his principles of just allocation of social goods. The first principle guarantees everyone's civil liberties while the second principle is similar to positive discrimination.

The difference principle is the second principle. Which asserts that any disparity allowed in society should only be allowed if it benefits society's most vulnerable members.

46. Gandhi's concept of Swadeshi was impacted by:

A. His deep ethical-spiritual conviction
B. His understanding of the economic condition of the people, especially at the grassroots
C. Influence of Ruskin's book, 'Unto This Last'
D. His focus on truth and understanding of Jainism

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) A, B and C only
Solution:

Swadeshi signifies relying on one's own resources. It was means of achieving self reliance and self governance. His spiritual politics not only internalize the core of material production and labour but also demonstrates his ability to think pragmatically.

47. Nehru's idea of nationalism was based on:

A. Militant nationalism
B. Strong faith in cultural pluralism
C. Right to self-determination
D. Synthetic universalism propounded by Rabindranath Tagore

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) B, C and D only
Solution:

Nehru's idea of nationalism was based on a strong faith in cultural pluralism, the right to self-determination and Synthetic universalism propounded by Rabindranath Tagore.

48. Which of the following statements are true about the concept of 'Total Revolution' of Jayprakash Narayan?

A. It can be traced to his note on Total Revolution in his book, Prison Diary
B. It can be traced to the crumbling Indian polity under the burden of corruption, the rise of authoritarianism, social discrimination, etc
C. His quest for a moral society as the basis of democracy was the guiding force behind his total revolution
D. His concept of total revolution was based on his support for political centralization and economic decentralization

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A, B and C only
Solution:

JP stated in his prison diary that Total Revolution is a combination of seven revolution Namely, political, social, economic, cultural, ideological or intellectual, educational and spiritual. According to JP pervasive corruption in all sectors of life is one of the key causes of India's lack of growth.

49. The behavioural approaches to the study of politics are:

A. Empirical in nature
B. Focused on facts
C. Focused on a scientific view of the political reality
D. Focused on philosophy

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) A, B and C only
Solution:

Behaviouralism is a political science method that aims to provide a quantitative, objective approach to analyzing and predicting political bahaviour. It focused on facts of the social world. It was an attempt to apply natural science approaches to human behaviour.

50. Robert Packenham has outlined the important roles of the assemblies of Afro-Asian and Latin American countries as:

A. Legitimate function
B. Safety-valve function
C. Administrative overview
D. Judicial activities

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A, B and C only
Solution:

Robert Packenham has outlined the important roles of the assemblies of Afro-Asian and Latin American countries as :

• Legitimate function
• Safety-valve function
• Administrative overview