UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Dec. 2020/June-2021 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Paper-II) (SHIFT-II)

Total Questions: 100

51. Apart from low income, the third world is also identified by the presence of:

A. Social inequalities
B. Economic prosperity
C. Human and economic poverty
D. Gender inequalities

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A, C and D only
Solution:

The term 'Third world' refers to a collection of countries that share similar characteristics. Third world countries are weak economically and have a colonial history. Social inequalities and gender inequalities are widely seen in third-world countries.

52. Which of the following aspects were part of Woodrow Wilson's 'Fourteen Points' regardinд new approach to international diplomacy?

A. Economic barriers for trade be imposed
B. Polish state is not given free access to sea
C. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at
D. A free, open-minded and impartial adjustment of all colonial claims

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) C and D only
Solution:

During world war 1, president Woodrow Wilson issued the Fourteen Points a manifesto outlining his suggestions for a post war place settlement. There would be no boundaries b/w countries in terms of economics.

Claims about colonies should be made in a fair and impartial manner. Self-determination and independence for the Balkan states should also be guaranteed. It is necessary to establish an autonomous Poland.

53. What were the essentials of the 'Glasnost' policy of Mikhail Gorbachev?

A. Promotion of the principle of freedom to criticize
B. End of the leading role of the 'Communist party'
C. Loosening of control on media and publishing
D. Creation of an executive presidency

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A and C only
Solution:

In Russian, the world glasnost denotes openness or transparency. The purpose was to encourage a more open debate of economic and social issues, as well as some criticism of government programe and officials.

54. Which of the following statements are true about the UN peace-keeping?

A. Its provisions are not explicitly given in the UN Charter
B. It is the sole prerogative of the SecretaryGeneral of the UN
C. It has undergone quantitative and qualitative changes in the post-cold war period
D. India and America have jointly sponsored it

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) A and C only
Solution:

Peacekeeping is not stated in the United Nation charter. The United Nations Security Council is empowered by UN charter to take collective action to safeguard international peace and security.

55. Which of the following agreements have been concluded by India with its neighbours in the past seven years?

A. Indo-Nepal Power Trade Agreement
B. Afghanistan-India Friendship Dam
C. Chittagong Port in Bangladesh
D. Building of Parliament in the Maldives

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A and B only
Solution:

On June 4, 2016, Indian Prime Mimister Narendra Modi and former Afghan President Ashraf Crhani jointly inaugurated the dam. Salma Dam was the previous name for the Afghan-India friendship Dam. On October 21, 2014, India and Nepal linked an agreement on "Electric Power Trade, Cross-Border Transmission intercomection and Grid connectivity."

56. Which of the following disputes are related to India and Pakistan?

A. Siachen Dispute
B. Sir Creek Dispute
C. Kalapani Dispute
D. Dahagram Dispute

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A and B only
Solution:

The Shimla Agreement of 1972 didn't determine the boundary between India and Pakistan in the Siachen area. Sir Creek is a tidal estuary in the desolate Marshal Land of the Indus River Delta between India and Pakistan in the Gujrat region.

Dehagram ⇒ In 1954 Pakistan and India Signed a treaty over the Dahagram-Angarpota and Berubari enclaves.

57. Which among the following countries are members of the BIMSTEC?

A. Japan and South Korea
B. India and Sri Lanka
C. Thailand and Myanmar
D. China and Pakistan

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) B and C only
Solution:

BIMSTEC has seven members Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand. BIMSTEC provide link between South Asia and South East Asia by way of economic cooperation and linkages in identified areas of cooperation.

58. For which purpose was the Cabinet Mission sent to India?

A. To establish a national government
B. To workout a constitutional arrangement for the transfer of power
C. To suppress the intensity of the national movement
D. A Constituent Assembly to be elected by Provincial Assemblies through proportional representation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) A, B and D only
Solution:

The purpose was the cabinet mission sent to India is to establish a national government, to work out a constitutional arrangement for the transfer of power and a constituent assembly to be elected by provincial Assemblies through proportional representation.

59. Which of the following are provided for by the 74th Constitutional Amendment in respect of Municipal Corporation?

A. Seats to be filled by direct elections on the basis of wards
B. Reservation of seats for Scheduled castes and Scheduled tribe
C. Reservation of seats for backward classes
D. One-third reservation of seats for women

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A, B and D only
Solution:

The 74th constitutional Amendment Act has a number of notable features: Municipalities are divided into three categories -
Nagar Panchayat
Municipal Council
Municipal Corporation

In every municipality, seats for SC and ST are reserved in proportion to their population. There is also a provision for women to be allocated 1/3 of the total number of seats. The state legislator has the authority to adopt any provisions for backward-class reservation in municipalities at any level.

60. The economic implications of globalization, liberalization and privatization in India are:

A. Substantial reduction in government spending
B. Transformation of the whole process of planning
C. Introduction of a pattern of indicative planning
D. Retention of traditional sectoral planning

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A, B and C only
Solution:

In 1991, the Indian government began a significant economic reform program with the goal of transitioning the Indian economy from a planned to a market-oriented framework. Abolition of licensing Government controls on private sector activities have been significantly reduced.