UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Dec. 2021/June-2022 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Paper-II) (SHIFT-II)

Liberalism is a principle of politics which on liberty of individual as the first and foremost goal of public policy. However, its basic tenets may be identified as follows. Man is rational creature. There is no basic contradiction between an individual's self interest and common interest of society.

Man is endowed with certain natural rights which can not be transgressed by an authority. Civil society and state are artificial institutions created by individuals to serve the common interest.

Integral humanism is doctrine developed by D.D. Upadhyaya. It aims to appeal to broad reaction of Indian society by presenting an indigenous economic model that puts the human being at centre stage. It opposed to both western capitalist individualism and Marxist socialism, but welcoming to western science.

Ram manohar Lohia Indian politician and activist who was a prominent figure in socialist politics and in the movements towards Indian independence. Lohia identified five kinds of inequalities that need to be fought against simultaneously:

Inequality between Man and Woman, in equality based on skin colour, caste based inequality, colonial rule of some countries over others and economic inequality. For him struggle against these five inequalities constituted five revolutions. He add two more revolution to this list. Revolution for civil liberties and revolution for non violence. There were the seven revolution or Sapt Karanti which for Lohia was the ideal of socialism.

Tungbhadra water dispute is among Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Karnataka. Rest of 3 options are correct.

Thomas Jafferson, a spokesman for democracy, was an American founding father and third president of united states. Jafferson determined that malconduct should be the ground for removal of public official and not anyone should be removed for political reason.

On the return from South Africa, Gandhi's first Ashram in India was established in the Kochrab area of Ahmedabad on 25 may 1915. The Ashram was then shifted on 17 June, 1917 to open land on the river of Sabarmati.

Some compulsory provisions of 73rd 74th CAA are as follow-

• 21 years to be the minimum age for contesting elections to panchayats.
• Reservation of 1/3 seats for women.
• Fixing tenure of 5 years at all level and holding fresh election within six month in the event of supersession of any panchayat.
• Establishment of a state election commission for conducting elections.
• Constitution of a state finance commission after every 5 year.

Development administration is a dynamic concept which brings about socio-economic and politico economic changes in society. The following are characteristic of development administration.
• Change oriented
• Result oriented
• client oriented
• Citizen participation oriented.
• Commitment to fulfill public demand.
• Effectiveness of co-ordination
• Efficient administration.
• Democratic values.

• Champaran Movement - 1917
• Kheda Movement - 22 March 1918 -5 June 1918
• Khilafat Movement - 1919-1924
• Naxalbari Movement- 18 May 1967 - present