UGC NET/JRF EXAM, December-2023 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

1. Match List-I with List-II

List-IList-II
A. Administration in
developing
countries: The
theory of prismatic
society		I. Herbert
Simon
B. Administrative
behaviour		II. Gerald E.
Caiden
C. The dynamics or
public
administration:
Guidelines to current
transformations in
theory and practice		III. Fred W.
Riggs
D. The human problem
of an industrial
civilization		IV. Elton Mayo
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Code:ABCD
(a)IIIIIIIV
(b)IVIIIIII
(c)IIIIIIIV
(d)IIIIVIII
Correct Answer: (c)
Solution:

Fred W. Riggs. Administration in Developing Countries: The theory
of Prismatic Society.

The theory of Prismatic Society was propouded by Fred Riggs. In 1973, F.W. Riggs wrote the book, primsmatic society Revisited.

Herbert Simon - Administrative Behavior : a study of DecisionMaking processes in Administrative organization is a book written by Herbert A. Simon (1916–2001).

Elton Mayo - The human problems of on industrial civilization written by Elton Mayo. Elton Mayo was an Australian Industrial Psychologist and Sociologist known for conceptualizing management.

Gerold E Caiden - Gerald E. Caiden is a well-known scholar in the field of public administration and political science. He has contributed significantly to discussions on administrative reform, ethics in governance, and bureaucratic dysfunctions.

2. Which of the following is a right characteristic of the composition of the Public Accounts Committee?

Correct Answer: (b) Public Accounts Committee is an annually elected body in accordance with the principle of the proportional representation followed single transferable vote system
Solution:

Members of the Public Accounts Committee -
• The committee is made up of 22 members, is of whom 15 are elected by the Lok Sabha and 7 of whom are appointed by the Rajya Sabha.
• Every member of parliament elected in both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha serves on the Committee for one year.
• The members of the committee are elected annually by the parliament from among its members. This election system, based on the principle of proportional representation and single transferable vote.
• After one year, new elections are held and members are replaced or re-elected.

3. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The transformation of India's economy has not been as dramatic as that of post-communist countries in Eastern Europe.
Statement II: India has produced growth rates as high as those of China in 2010.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) Statement I is correct but statement II incorrect.
Solution:

The transformation of India's economy has not been as dramatic as it has been in the post communist free counitries of eastern europe. China's economy continued as its tremendous growth in the 2010s, growing by 10.3%. Where as in the decade of 2010, India's growth rate was 8.6%

4. Satyashodhak samaj was founded by

Correct Answer: (b) Jyotiba Phule
Solution:

Jyotiba Phule founded Satyashodhak Samaj. It advocated for the emancipation of widows, untouchables and members of lower castes as well as against Brahmanical rule.

In 1873, Satya Shodhak Samaj was founded in Maharashtra. It is also know as the society of seekers of truth.

5. Arrange chronologically India's association with the following international organization

A. United National
B. G77
C. NAM
D. G20

Correct Answer: (b) A, C, B, D
Solution:

United Nations - The United Nations (U.N.) headquartered in New York, is a 193 member international organization. It was established in 1945 in order to avert another world war.

NAM - The Non-aligned movement was founded and held its first conference (the Belgrade Conference) in 1961 under the leadership of Josip Broz Tito of Yugoslavia, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Kwame Nkumah of Ghana and Sukarno of Indonesia.

Group of 77 (G. 77) - The group of 77 (G. 77) was established on 15th June, 1964 by signatories of the "Joint Declaration of the Seventy - Seven Developing Countries" issued at the end of the First Session of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in Geneva.

G-20. The G-20 was founded in 1999 in response to several word economic crises. The G-20 is composed of most of the world's largest economics, including both industrialized and developing nations and accounts for around 90% of gross world product (GWP), 75.80% of international trade.

6. Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS) pioneered which movement in India

Correct Answer: (c) Jan Sunwai
Solution:

The MKSS work with workers and peasants in the village of central Rajasthan. It was set up by the people of the area in 1990.

Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS) has been involved in many movements in India, some of which are: civil rights movement, demand for Right to Information Act (RTI), demand for minimum wages, struggle for land rights, transparency and accountability of governance system.

7. Which one of the following is not a function of the estimates committee?

Correct Answer: (с) То еxamine the report of the CAG with a view of find out that the money voted by the Parliament has been utilized by the authority concerned.
Solution:

The Estimates Committee is a Committee of selected members of parliament, constituted by the Parliament of India (Lok Sabha) for the purpose of scrutinising the functioning of Government Ministries and departments in terms of expenditure and utilisation of funds.

The Estimates Committee was formed in 1950 on the recommendation of the then Finance Minister John Mathai. This Committee consists 30 members selected from Lok Sabha but no minister can become a member of this committee. Works of Estimates Committee.

(i) Estimates Committee suggests alternative policies to bring about efficiency and economy in administration.
(ii) Estimates Committee also suggests economies in public expenditure. For the same, it is also called "Continuous Economy Committee".
(iii) Estimate Committee also examines whether the money has been properly spent in accordance with the policy contained in estimates.
(iv) Examine the report of CAG with a view to find out that the money voted by the Parliament has been utilised by the authority concerned is not a function of the estimates committee.
(v) The Estimates Committee suggest the form in which the estimates should be presented to parliament.

8. Choose the correct statement given below:

A. Conflict in society and politics is inevitable.
B. The usage of violence in conflicts cannot be eliminated by protests against such violence.
C. Non-violent action can be categorized into three methods: protests and persuasion, non-cooperation and non-violent intervention.
D. Use of non-violent methods is a guarantee of success.

Correct Answer: (d) A, B & C
Solution:

(i) This statement acknowledges that in a society with different interests and viewpoints, conflict between politics and society is inevitable.
(ii) This statement suggests that protests against violent conflicts can't end such conflicts.
(iii) This statement provides categorization of nonviolent actions in which includes protest, noncooperation and non-violent intervention.
(iv) Non-violent methods can be powerful and effective in many situation but they don't guarantee success in every context.

Conclusion-Statement, A, B and C is correct. But D is wrong.

9. Match List- I with List -II

List-I List-II
A. LiberalismI. Shared understanding and common meaning, based on shared history, culture or worldview
B.Communitarianis mII. No need for member to share a common culture, history, worldview, language or value system
C. Liberal NationalismIII. Moral concern for one another as free and equal citizens
D. Multiculturalism Difference theoryIV. Shared nationality, based on a common history, language and culture
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Code:ABCD
(a)IIIIIIIV
(b)IIVIIIII
(c)IVIIIIII
(d)IIIIIIVI
Correct Answer: (d)
Solution:

(A) Liberalism is a political and manual philosophy based on the rights of individual, liberty, political equality and equality before law.
(B) Communitarianism is a social and political philosophy that emphasizes the values of community and understands the individual within the context of community.
(C) Liberal Nationalisation: It is an ideology based on shared history, shared Nationality based on culture.
(D) Multicultuarism: It is an idealogy in which its followers don't believe in a common history and culture. It lack a sense of worldview. Conclusion option 4 is correct.

10. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion A: 'Ahimsa' was complementary to Gandhi's model of conflict resolution that was certainly the most original and creative model of social change and political action.
Reason R: This was a theory of politics that gradually became the dominant ideology of a national political movement in which Gandhi reigned supreme.

In the light of the above statement choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Correct Answer: (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
Solution:

Assertion A: Gandhi's conflict resolution model was based on theory of non-violence. He considered non-violence to be the greatest power of life which keeps life free from violence. According to Gandhi, without non-violence, the dream of finding truth and attaining Good is incomplete. Theory of nonviolence is the most effective theory for political actions.
Reason B: Gandhi's principle of non-violence and its use in political movements became the most famous and effective ideology. The principle of non-violence became associated with Gandhi's name because of its success in various political movements.

Conclusion - Both assertion and reason is correct and R is correct explanation of A.