UGC NET/JRF EXAM, December-2023 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

91. (Questions 91-95) Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:

What are the seed beds of civic virtue? There are a variety of aspects of liberal society that can be seen as inculcating civic virtues, including the market, civic association, and the family. Let me briefly look at each of these theorists of the 'New Right' often praise the market as a school of civic virtue. Many Thatcher/Reagan reforms of the 1980s aimed to extend the scope of markets in people's lives through free trade, deregulation tax cuts, the weakening of trade unions, and reducing welfare benefits in part in order to teach people the virtues of initiative and self-reliance. Much of the recent right wing attack on the welfare state has been formulated precisely in terms of citizenship. The welfare state was said to promote passivity amongst the poor, creating a culture of dependency reducing citizens to passive dependants under bureaucratic tutelage. The market, by contrast, encourages people to be self-supporting. The new right believes that being self-supporting is not only an important civic virtue in itself, but also a precondition of being accepted as a full member of society. By failing to meet the obligation t support themselves, the long-term unemployed are a source of shame for society as well as themselves.

Which of the aspects given below is not a direction favoured by Thatcher/Reagan reforms?

Correct Answer: (c) Strong Trade unions
Solution:

Many Thatcher/Reagan reforms of the 1980s aimed to extend the scope of markets in people's lives through free trade, deregulation tax cuts, the weakening of trade unions and reducing welfare benefits in part in order to teach people the virtues of initiative and self-reliance.

92. Which is not a source of civic virtue among the following

Correct Answer: (a) Army
Solution:

There are a variety of aspects of liberal society that can be seen as inculcating civic virtues, including the market, civic association and the family.

93. How does the market inculcate civic virtue according to 'New Right' theorists

Correct Answer: (c) By encouraging to be self-supporting
Solution:

According to New-Right theorists, the market promotes civic virtue by encouraging self-reliance.

94. What is the that the 'New Right does not associate with 'self-supporting as a civic virtue?

Correct Answer: (c) Being a career oriented selfish person
Solution:

New Right does not associate "Being a career oriented selfish person" with "self - supporting" as civic virtue.

95. How does the welfare state promote passivity in the poor?

Correct Answer: (b) Creating a culture of dependency
Solution:

Welfare state promote passivity in poor by creating a culture of dependency.

96. (Questions 96-100) Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:

The group of twenty or G20 has of late emerged as a very premier forum for international cooperation. The significance of if arises from the fact that its members are the world's advanced and emerging economies. These G20 members altogether represents about 85% or the global GDP, 80% of global trade and two-thirds of the world's population. The G20 originated to overcome the financial crisis the occurred in 1990s in the emerging economies of Asia. This organization is broadly representative and inclusive as the G20 chair has been made rotational annually and a member from different regional grouping of countries is elected to its presidency. Since its beginning, India has actively participated in the G20 process. India is a major stakeholder and also interested in the stability of the world economy. Due to India's support during the Seoul summit development was included as an agenda item and the Seoul Development consensus also emerged. India's support during the Seoul summit development was included as agenda item and the Seoul Development consensus also emerged. India's interest in G20 has imparted dimension and credibility to G20 deliberation. India's successful organization of G20 summit in New Delhi recently has again ignited hopes for the establishment on a framework for strong, sustainable and balanced growth and an alternative world order.

Which of the following is the objective of G20 

Correct Answer: (a) International cooperation
Solution:

Main objective of G-20 is establishing International cooperation.

97. What is the significance of recently concluded G20 summit?

Correct Answer: (d) All of the above options
Solution:

Significance of recently concluded G-20 summit

(i) Consumers on a framework for sustainable balanced growth.
(ii) Women led development process.
(iii) Emergence of Global South as one voice.

98. Why has India taken active interest G20?

Correct Answer: (b) To endure world economic stability
Solution:

India has taken active interest in G-20 to endure world economic stability.

99. Which of the following is the reason for the formation of G20?

Correct Answer: (b) Asian financial crisis
Solution:

Reason for the formation of G-20 is Asian financial crisis.

100. Why G20 is considered a representative forum?

Correct Answer: (c) Chair is rotational annually and from a different region.
Solution:

G-20 is considered a representative forum because chair of G-20 is rotational annually and from a different region.