UGC NET/JRF EXAM, June-2020 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

51. Which of the following features of the Indian political system are false?

(A) Dual government
(B) Supremacy of the Parliament
(C) Indestructibility of the union
(D) Indestructability of the states

Choose below: correct answer from the options

Correct Answer: (c) B and D only 
Solution:The main features of the Indian Political systems are-
(i) Independence of supreme court.
(ii) The indestructibility of the union.
(iii) Federal with strong Union.
(iv) Panchayat system
(v) Parliamentary form of government.
So, indestructibility of union and states, is not feature of Indian political system.

52. Which of the following are civil society organizations?

(A) Bachpan Bachao Andolan
(B) India Against Corruption
(C) Vigyan Prasar
(D) Majdoor Kisan Sangharsh Samiti

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A, B and D only
Solution:Bachpan Bachao Andolan India against corruption and majdoor kisan Sangharsh samiti, are related to civil society organizations
• Civil society organization (CSOs) are non-profit, voluntary, non governmental organization (NGOs) that are not affiliated with the government or the market.
• Fury on be Local, national or international in scope example of CSOs are.
(i) Non-government organization.
(ii) Community groups.
(iii) Labour Unions.
(iv) Charities.
(v) Civic groups.
(vi) Faith based organization.
(vii) Professional associations.
(viii) Foundation.
and many more CSOs are focused on service delivery particularly access, quality and accountability. They are unable to make a profit by law so volunteers make up.

53. Which of the following statements regarding women's movement in India are true?

(A) Arya Samaj was not concerned about women's issues at all
(B) All India Women's Conference was set up in 1942
(C) Sarojini Naidu and Annie Besant raised the issue of right to vote for women.
(D) Tilak's Ganesh Utsavas' were mainly aimed at drawing women into national movement.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) C and D only
Solution:In 1917, a group of women activists led by Annie Besant and Margaret cousins made the first official call to Edwin Montague and lord Chelmsford
who had been tasked to formulate scheme of self- government for India.
• In 1917, Women's Indian Association (WIA) was formed to address the socio- economic challenges faced by women. It was the first national body to advocate for female suffrage.
• Sarojini Naidu took women's rights to Indian National congress moving resolutions for women's enfranchisement to congress sessions in Bijapur (1918) and Bombay (1919). She was the first Indian women to preside over the congress sessions in 1925 at Calcutta.
• Tilak's Ganesh Utsavas' were mainly aimed at drawing men and women into the national movement. Tilak's to transform Ganesh chaturthi were a Strategic and symbolic move to unite India against British oppression.

54. Who among the following provide the structural - functional perspective on the nature of Indian State?

(A) W.H. Morris Jones
(B) Rajni Kothari
(C) Francine Frankel
(D) Lloyd Rudolph

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) (A) and (B) only
Solution:W.H. Marris Jones and Rajani Kothari provided the structural-functional perspective on the nature of Indian State. Structural functionalism is a complex system where different parts work together (o maintain stability and solidarity. It is based on the idea that the ports of an organism function interdependently to maintain the whole organism.

55. Which of the following are the characteristics of prismatic model of F.W. Riggs?

(A) Formalism
(B) Heterogeneity
(C) Overlapping
(D) Bureau of office

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) (A), (B) and (C) only
Solution:

The prismatic model of F.W. Riggs is there-
• Heterogeneity
• The simultaneous existence of different system, practices and viewpoints such as traditional and modern, rural and urban or western education and
Indian Gurukuls.
For malism
• The gap between what is prescribed and what is actually practiced such as between the formal and effective power
Overlapping
• The co-existence of differentiated and undifferentiated structures such as clubs and sects.
• Riggs developed the prismatic model to analyze the administrative system of developing countries. He conceptualized prismatic and modern societies.
• Riggs based his ecological approach to the study of public administration on his studies in Thailand, and the Philippines.

56. Which of the following are associated with the notion of governance?

(A) Competitive democracies
(B) Participatory democracies
(C) Democratic administration
(D) Change - oriented democracy

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (5) *
Solution:

The concept of governance is not new. It is as olds as human civilization. Simply put governance means- The process of decision making and the process by which decisions implemented for not implemented. Governance can be used in several context such as, corporate governance, international governance, national governance and local governance. Components of good governance Good Governance has 8 major characterisation-

  1. Participation
  2. Rule of Law
  3. Consensus Oriented
  4. Equity and inclusiveness
  5. Accountability
  6. Transparency
  7. Responsiveness
  8. Conclusion
    Therefore, all the given characteristic reflects with the notion of governance.

57. Which of the following statements are true about the concept of governance?

(A) It does not simply mean 'rule' or 'administration'
(B) It has a specific meaning in the context of globalisation
(C) It is the manner in which power is exercised
(D) Governance and government are the same thing

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) (A), (B) and (C) Only
Solution:Governance means- The process of decision making and the process by which decision are implemented (or not implemented). Governance can be used in several context such as corporate governance, international governance, national governance and local governance.
• Good governance may span the following topics- full respect of human rights, the rule of law, effective participation, multi-actor partnership, political pluralism, as efficient and effective public, legitimacy, access to information and education, political empowerment of people, equity, sustainability and attitudes and values that foster responsibility, solidarity and tolerance.
• In summary, good governance relates to the political and institutional processes and outcomes that are necessary to achieve the goals of development. The true test of good governance is the degree to which it delivers on the promise of human right- civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights.

58. Which of the following terms is referred to as the 'software' of the state?

Correct Answer: (b) Accountability
Solution:Accountability in referred to an software of the state. Accountability is the set of procedures and statements to hold decisions makers accountable for
their decisions, It is important for governance and the operation of the government. Accountability institutions are central to any successful governance process.

59. Who among the following regarded state as a necessary evil?

Correct Answer: (b) Thomas Paine
Solution:Thomas Paine regarded state as a necessary evil. In his work common sense, described the government as a necessary evil.
• Libertarians also view the state as a necessary evil and believe that it should be limited in power and scope.
• Anarchists, however, reject the used of a state considering it oppressive and unnecessary.

60. Match List-I with List-II

List-IList-II
A The Age of ConsentI Jacques Derrida
B PareconII Naomi Klein
C Spectres of MarxIII Georges Monbiot
D No LogoIV Micheal Albert

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
Solution:The correct matches:
List-IList-II
A The Age of ConsentGeores Monbiot
B PareconMicheal Albert
C Spectres of MarxJacques Derrida
D No LogoNaomi Klein