UGC NET/JRF EXAM, June-2020 WOMEN’S STUDIES

Women's subordination implies control on their bodies, their sexuality and their labour. The question is, are the controls on these different aspects inspired independently of each other?

In other words, are there independent motives for controlling each of these? For example, one theory is that for men keeping women's sexuality under control is the main objective, and for that women's bodies are kept from the prying eyes of hungry men.

These limits curtail women's oppourtunities for many kinds of jobs. Thus, controls on women's labour are mainly an off-shoot of the controls on their bodies that exhibit their sexuality.

Keeping women inside is meant to ensure that one's bloodline remains pure. The greatest gain to a family from total subservience of women is the unquestioned command over a women's labour throughout her life.

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R): 

Assertion (A): Keeping women inside homes is to ensure that one's bloodline remains pure and, therefore one's property goes only to one's legitimate heir.

Reason (R): The fear of women's sexuality and the concern for legitimate heirs and property are converted into myths of family honour and women's purity. This means keeping women in a limited physical space, that is, the inside.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Assertion (A): Woman's bodies, sexuality and labour are at the disposal of the family authorities.

Reason (R): In some instances, when a woman gets widowed her marital family retains control over her by the practice of marrying the widow to her husband' younger brother.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Assertion (A): The greatest gain to a family from total subservience of women is the unquestioned command over a woman's labour throughout her life.

Reason (R): A woman, even when she is distributing the food available to the family, will often keep for herself less than an equitable share.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(a) She is wealthy
(b) She is not doing any skilled work
(c) Her work is not creative
(d) Her work is a labour of love
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

There is a direct relationship between gender equality, women's empowerment and climate change.

On the one hand, women are disproportionately vulnerable to the effects of climate change, which could, in turn, exacerbate existing gender disparities.

On the other hand, women have unique knowledge and skills that can help make the response to climate change more effective and sustainable.

Climate change policies that therefore take account of gender-based vulnerability and the unique contribution that women can make could help advance gender equality and women's empowerment while fighting climate change.

As the world moves towards the post-Kyoto climate regime, it is essential that climate intiatives at all levels pay particular attention to the interlinkages between gender and climate change and that women are engaged at all levels of the decision-making process.

Climate change impacts men and women differently, given their different roles and responsibilities at the household and community levels.

Women are more exposed and vulnerable to climate change because they are often poorer, receive less education and are not involved in political and household decision-making processes that affect their lives.

Cultural norms related to gender sometimes limit the ability of women to make quick decisions on whether to move to safer grounds in disaster situations until it is too late.

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R):

Assertion (A): Investing in women as part of the climate change response leads to environment gains and greater returns.

Reason (R): Gendered cultural codes of dress may inhibit women's mobility during a crisis, resulting in higher disproportionate mortalityy during many disasters.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Assertion (A): During extreme events such as droughts, floods and other climate-related disasters, women face additional risks due in large part to gender inequities.

Reason (R): Women are often discouraged from learning coping strategies and life-saving skills.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(a) They receive less education
(b) They are biologically weaker
(c) They have less access to and control over the resources
(d) They are not seen as decision-makers and development partners
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Statement I: Women have unique knowledge and skills that can help make the response to climate change more effective and sustainable.

Statement II: Women's voices, responsibility and knowledge of the environment and the challenges they face will need to be a central part of the adaptive response to a rapidly changing climate.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(a) They have fewer opportunities for meaningful participation
(b) Cultural norms are a deterrent
(c) They are more emotional as compared to men
(d) They are easily frightened of disasters
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: