UGC NET/JRF EXAM, June-2021 Labour and Social Welfare

Total Questions: 100

91. Read the passage carefully and answer the question that follows:

Technology, these days has invaded every aspect of our lives. In facts, we now try to measure every aspect of our lives with gadgets and gizmos available in the market. These health devices can track routine activities like sleep, diet, heartbeat, breathing rate, steps taken, water intake and every conceivable aspect of life.

Health and fitness is measured by a smart watch, fitness band and other wearable applications available in the market. Though many of these applications are truly useful to measure health parameters like blood pressure, heart rate etc. for ailing; they have begun to dominate the lives of people for whom it becomes their personal health information guru.

If the health parameters do not match the desired outcome of the application they are using, it causes anxiety and stress. Many health freaks end up with obsessive compulsive disorders. Several psychiatrists cisapprove of our dependence on gadgets to assess our health. They refer to it as the 'over monitoring syndrome'.

Instead of listening to our own bodies, which are the best judges of our physical and mental health, we look at the numbers on the gadget to tell us whether we had a good workout or sufficient and restful sleep at night. Since every human being is different, can an application accurately match and measure the parameters of each individual using it?

Another downside is that instead of enjoying the simple health benefits and pleasure of sport/workout, the completion of the target becomes the focal point of the exercise. The advice given by medical practitioners is that a healthy life is judged by our physical, mental and social wellbeing and not machines of any kind. So use gadgets judiciously and do not let them dictate your life.

Health devices are useful for:

Correct Answer: C. Keeping a track of everyday activities like exercise, sleep etc.

92. The advice of medical practitioners is that we should measure health by:

Correct Answer: D. All the above

93. The drawbacks of health devices are:

Correct Answer: C. They cause pressure and anxiety in users

94. The ideal way to assess our health is by:

Correct Answer: C. Listening to our body

95. What becomes the focal point of exercise?

Correct Answer: B. Completion of target

96. Read the passage carefully and answer the question that follows:

Studies by the Bengaluru-based Swami Vivekanand Yoga Anusandhana (S-VYASA) analysed the changes that take place in the body during Om meditation. The study found "small but statistically significant" reduction in heart rate during Om meditation. This, according to the researchers, suggests a deep psycho physiological relaxation, which in turn increases alertness. The study also showed decrease in blood flow in the skin, which, too, is indicative of improved alertness.

Some studies based on the analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings have shown that mindfulness meditation improves relaxation. One study that looked at performance in cancellation tasks (a psychometric test of visual perception and vigilance) in seventy healthy subjects-some of them meditated before the taskfound that performance in such tasks improves after meditation.

Researchers have demonstrated that the meditation leads to positive changes in midbrain associated with vision, hearing, motor control sleep and alertness whether one choose to meditate on a single syllable or a series of thoughts, Transcendental meditation, which uses a sound or mantra, improves perception of hearing.

In the various studies done by S-VYASA on sleep and meditation, it is said, meditation in many ways is similar to a deep state of sleep. Bodily sensation is voluntarily reduced in both these conditions. However, unlike in sleep, the level of awareness is significantly higher in meditation.

Meditation benefits the: 

Correct Answer: D. All the above

97. Transcendental meditation uses:

Correct Answer: B. Sound or mantra

98. What was discovered during Om meditation in the study conducted by S-VYASA?

Correct Answer: C. Reduction in Heart-rate

99. What is the impact of mindfulness meditation according to EEG recordings?

Correct Answer: A. It improves relaxation

100. What is the impact of meditation on cancellation tasks?

Correct Answer: B. It improves after meditation