UGC NET/JRF EXAM, June-2023 (Paper-II) POLITICAL SCIENCE

Total Questions: 100

91. It is interesting that John Stuart Mill's turn away from narrow utilitarianism began with his reading of the Romantic poets. Wordworth and Coleridge, who espoused in literature what Edmund Burke had espoused philosophically. They emphasised feeling and intuition rather than mere logic and rational categories of thought. And it was this emphasis upon the emotional level human experience that attracted the young Mill who, as a young man, who overly exposed to the scientific and coldly rationalistic doctrine of utilitarianism, and whose upbringing in that doctrine had cut him off from much of what is genuinely human.

But Mill also had read de Tocqueville. And just as the Romantic poets taught Mill that utilitarian psychology need for a certain conservative perspective on humanity and society. Taken together, they emphasised along with Burke, emotional aspects of human behavior and the need for human beings to be integrated into some strictly rationalindividaulistic perspective of classical liberalism.
What makes John Stuart Mill uniquely important in the development of liberal thought in his revision of the underlining assumptions of the classical doctrine. This de Tocqueville did not do; he was interested in critically analyzing a concrete example of liberal democracy, not in debating the validity of the liberal ideology as such.
Mill, on the other hand, was precisely interested in the philosophical validity of liberalism. To his mind, the kinds of concrete reforms that de Tocqueville advocates in 'Democray in America' required a more fundamental reform of liberalism's basic philosophical assumptions.
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Romantic poets taught Mill the Utilitarian psychology lacks in human terms. Statement II: Tocquevelle pointed out scientific inadequacies of Utilitarian philosophy.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
Solution:

According to passage, romantic poets taught mill that utilitarism psychology lacks in human terms are right where as, Tacquevelle pointed out to him its sociological inadequacies does not scientific inadequacies of utilitarian philosophy.
Thus, option (c) is correct.

92. Who among the following thinkers espoused feeling and intuition that influenced John Stuart Mill?

Correct Answer: (c) Wordsworth
Solution:According to passage, Wordsworth was expoused feeling and intuition that influenced John Stuart Mill.

93. Which one among the following clearly reflects in the writings to Tocqueville

Correct Answer: (b) Critically analysing
Solution:According to passage, Tocqueville critically analysing the clearly reflects in the writings.

94. Given below are two statement: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R:

Assertion A: Young Mill was overly exposed to the scientific doctrine of Utilitarianism. Reason R: Utilitarian doctrine had cut him off from much of what is genuinely human.
In the light of above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) Both A and R are correct and R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Solution:

According to passage, Young Mill was overly exposed to the scientific doctrine of utilitarianism and whose upbringing in the doctrine had cut him off from much of what is genuinely human. Both statement is correct but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
Thus, option (b) is correct.

95. Match List-I with List-I

List-IList-II
A. TocquevelleI. Rationalistic doctrine
B. Young MillII. Democracy in America
C. Edmand BurkeIII. Espoused in literature
D. WordsworthIV. Espoused Philosophically

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

 

Correct Answer: (d) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
Solution:
List-IList-II
A. Tocquevelle—Rationalistic doctrine
B. Young Mill—Democracy in America
C. Edmand Burke—Espoused in literature
D. Wordsworth—Espoused Philosophically

96. Evaluating policy is a challenging that requires intricate knowledge and clever use of statistical and economic techniques. The confounding thing about policy change is that if neither happens over night nor in a setting where other environmental elements remain static. Consequently, figuring out the impact of a specific change on the observed outcome change becomes a serious metrological challenge.

However several standard techniques have emerged to access the effectiveness of specific policy discussion. А broad discussion of a few of these approaches is helpful in understanding the logic of how to think about evaluation policy.
Most famous techniques for policy impact measurement often referred to as "Gold Standard" in impact evaluation is Randomized Control Trails (RCT). Medicine and pharmaceutical research is the best example of RCT method.
The standard methological technique is to select a group of respondents on whom the drug is likely to work. The drug is then administered to a randomly selected subset of that group. The RCT approach here is to administer an intervention to a randomly selected group of recipients from amongst a group of potential beneficiaries to judge the effect of the intervention exactly. The RCT administrator can convince the policy maker to make his/her choice of beneficiary units randomly rather than by aligning it to some other rule.
Which of the following technique is considered as 'Gold standard'?

Correct Answer: (c) Randomized control trails
Solution:According to pasage, most famous techniques for policy impact measurement often referred to as "Gold Standard" in impact evaluation in Randomized Control Trails (RCT).

97. The RCT approach is to administer an intervention to _______ a group of recipients from a large group of potential beneficiaries:

Correct Answer: (b) Randomly selected
Solution:

According to passage, the RCT approach is to administer an intervention to a randomly selected group of recipients from a large group of potential beneficiaries to judge the effects of the intervention exactly.

98. In which of the following field is Randomized Control Trials' used mostly?

Correct Answer: (c) Pharmaceutical Research
Solution:According to passage, pharmaceutical research field is 'The Randomized Control Trials' used mostly.

99. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The standard metrological is to selecteda group of respondents.
Statement II: In RCT Trails every individual participant in the trail oliffees from everyone else. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
Solution:

According to passages, the standard metrological is to select a group of respondents on whom the drug is likely to work. In RCT trails every individiual participant in the trail oliffees from everyone else it is not true. Thus, statement I is true but statement II is false.

100. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The confounding thing about policy change is that it happens neither over night nor in a setting where other environmental elements remain static.
Statement II: Figuring out the impact of a specific change on the observed outcome change becomes a serious metrological challenge.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
Solution:

According to passage, the confounding thing about policy change is that it happens neither over night nor in a setting where other environment elements remain static. Figuring out the impact of a specific change on the observed outcome change becomes a serious metrological challenge. Thus, both statement I and statement II are correct.