UGC NET/JRF EXAM, June-2023 (Paper-II) POLITICAL SCIENCE

Total Questions: 100

21. Which of the following right are declared as Fundamental rights under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution?

A. Right against public Hanging
B. Right to sustainable development
C. Right to Livelihood
D. Right to Free education up to 16 years of age
E. Right to Reputation
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A, B, C and E only
Solution:

the fundamental right are enshrined in Part III of the constitution from Article 12 to 35. Article 21 declares that no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. This right is available to both citizen & non-citizen.
Right against public hanging, Right to sustainable development, Right to Livelihood, Right to Reputation are enshrined in Article-21, But Right to free education up to 6-14 year of age, under the Article 21A This provision was added by the 86th constitutional Amendment Act of 2002.

22. Arrange the following Directive Principles of State Policy in their sequential order as mentioned in the constitution

A. To organize village Panchayat
B. To secure the right to work
C. To make provision for just and humane condition
D. To secure a living wage, decent standard of life

 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (b) A, B, C, D
Solution:

The Directive Principles of State Policy are enumerated in Part-IV of the constitution from Article 36 to 51. It was borrowed from Irish constitution of 1937. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar described these principle as ‘novel features’.

Article 40 – To organize village panchayat.
Article 41 – To secure the right to work.
Article 42 – To make provision for just and human condition.
Article 43 – To secure a living wage, decent standard of life.

23. What is not true about Bhagidari Approach to development?

Correct Answer: (b) It is similar to the traditional model of local self-governance
Solution:

The Bhagidari system is an initiative of the government of the state of Delhi in 1998 to promote broad based civic participation in local governance. The government's stated goal is to create "greater transparency and accountability in administration" in order to improve "the equality, efficiently and delivery of public services".
It includes water management and rain water harvesting. It is implemented with participation of civil society. Thus, option (b) is not true about Bhagidari Approach.

24. Rousseau, in his book "Discourse on origin of inequality" drew distinction between the two types of inequality

A. Political inequality
B. Natural inequality
C. Conservative inequality
D. Conventional inequality
E. Social inequality

 

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) B and D only
Solution:

J. J. Rousseau (1712-1778) in his book ‘Discourage origin of inequality’ mentioned the existence of two types of inequalities - Natural & social.
The Natural inequality refers to inequalities arising from one's health conditions, age or physical features of these social inequalities, natural inequalities are genetic and cannot be prevented while moral inequalities are unnatural and can be prevented.

25. Arrange the following humanitarian interventions in order of their occurrence:

A. Operations Provide Comfort
B. Operation Turquoise
C. Operation Allied forces
D. Operation Restore Hope

 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A, D, B, C
Solution:

26. Given below are two statements:

Statements I: The India's national security objective is to defend the country's borders as defined by law and enshrined in the constitution.
Statements II: India's national security objective is pursuing security and strategic dialogues with major power and key partners.

 

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
Solution:

In Indian constitution, Article 51 deal with promotion of international peace and security – The state shall endeavour to-
(a) Promote international peace and security.
(b) Maintain just and honorable relation between nations.
(c) Foster respect for international law and treaty obligations in the dealings of organised people with one other, and
(d) Encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration.

Thus, that both statement are correct.

27. Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding accountability and control over administration?

A. Administrative Accountability may refer to the legal and hierarchical locus of Responsibility
B. Administrative responsibility has ethical and normative connotations
C. Administrative responsibility implies that the public officials will adhere to the explicit and implicit values of proper administration and policy.

 

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A, B and C only
Solution:

The concept of acceptability and control over administration can be defined as the obligation of power-holder to account for or take responsibility for their actions. Government organisations, administrators are accountable to citizen, user of public.

• Administrative accountability may refer to the legal and hierarchical locus of responsibility
• Administrative responsibility has ethical and normative connotations.
• Administrative responsibility implies that the public officials will adhere to the explicit and implicit values of proper administration and policy.

Thus, all the statement are correct.

28. According to C.I. Bernard in organization the accomplishment of a common purpose through the persons contributing towards it can be achieved only through

Correct Answer: (d) Communication
Solution:

According to Chester Bernard, organization the accomplishment of a common purpose through the person contributing towards it can be achieved only through communication. He saw organization as a 'Cooperative system' which has three elements – common purpose, willingness to contribute and communication, Thus, he saw communication as dynamic driver of organizational behaviour and considered it to be an important shaping force in the organization.

29. What is the correct chronological sequence of the below? Choose the right answer from the codes:

A. Joint Parliamentary Committee on Reform of Electoral law
B. Goswami Committee on electoral Reforms
C. Tarkunde Committee on Electoral Reforms
D. Election Commission's campaign against criminalization of politics.

 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct Answer: (a) A, C, B, D
Solution:

The chronological sequence of electoral reforms are-
• Joint Parliamentary Committee on Reform of Electoral law - 1971
• Goswami Committee on electoral Reforms - 1990
• Tarkunde Committee on Electoral Reforms - 1979
• Election Commission's campaign against criminalization of politics - 2002

Thus, correct Sequence order - A, B, C, D
Some other committee regarding electoral Reforms-
• Jaya Prakash Narayan committee (1974)
• Vohra committee report (1993)
• V. K. Krishna Iyer committee - 1994
• Indrajeet Gupta committee - 1998
• Law commission report on reform of the electoral laws (1999)
• Jeevan Reddy committee (2004)
• Election commission of India-proposed electoral reforms (2004).

30. Two important institutions that contributed significantly to the Development of Administrative theory and practice are____.

Correct Answer: (a) The church and the military
Solution:Two important institutions that contributed significantly to the development of administrative theory and practice are the church and the military.