UGC NET/JRF EXAM, JUNE-2025 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

91. (Questions 91-95) Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:

Vinayak Damodar Savarkar is known to be an ardent nationalist, revolutionary, and a noted freedom fighter of India. He is regarded as the inspirational force behind the resurgence of Hindu nationalism in India. Veer Savarkar was kept as a prisioner at Andamans by the Britishers.

Savarkar's concept of Hindutva was comprehensive. For him, Hindutva implied not only the religious tenets of the Hindus, but also comprehended the cultural, social, political and linguistic aspects of their life. In his seminal work 'Hindutva' (1923), Savarkar asserted 'a Hindu means a person who regards this land of Bharatvarsha-from the Indus to the seas-as his fatherland as well as his Holyland, that is the cradle land of his religion.'

In his Presidential address to the Hindu Mahasabha at Ahmadabad (1937), Savarakar observed that the Hindus possess a common holyland. The Vedic Rishis are their common pride, their grammarians Panini and Patanjali, their poets Bhavbhooti and Kalidas, their heroes Shri Ram and Shri Krishna, Shivaji and Pratap, Guru Govind and Banda Bahadur are a common source of insipration.

Their prophets Buddha and Mahaveer, Kanad and Shankar, are held in common esteem.....All tests whatsoever of a common country, race, religion, language that go to entitle a people to form a nation, entitle thei Hindus with greater emphasis to that claim. Savarkar was a powerful writer and orator. Some of his most important work include, 'An Echo from Andamans': 'Hindu Pad-Padshahi'; 'The Indian War of Independence'.

As per the passage, the meeting of Hindu Mahasabha at Ahmadabad was held in:

 

Correct Answer: (b) 1937
Solution:

According to the given passage, the Hindu Mahasabha meeting in Ahmedabad took place in 1937. During this meeting, Savarkar said in his presidential address that Hindus have a single common holy land.

92. As per the passage, who is the author of Hindu Pad-Padshahi?

Correct Answer: (c) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
Solution:

According to the passage, the author 'Hindutva' (or Hindu Pad-Padshahi) is Vinayak Damodar Savarkar.

93. As per the passage, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar was kept in prison by the Britishers at :

Correct Answer: (c) Andamans
Solution:

Vinayak Damodar Savarkar was imprisoned by the British in the Andaman Jail (Cellular Jail).

94. Which among the following book is not written by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar?

Correct Answer: (b) A Nation in Making
Solution:

The author of 'A Nation in Making' is Surendranath Banerjee.

95. As per the passage, the two grammarians of ancient Indid were :

Correct Answer: (c) Panini and Patanjali
Solution:

According to the given passage, the two ancient Indian grammarians are Panini and Patanjali.

96. (Questions 96-100) Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:

New patterns of interaction between governments and society can be observed in areas such as social welfare, environmental protection, education and physical planning. Development assistance to the Third World countries in the post-Gold era has been subject to the new politics of good-governance. In 1989, the concept of ‘governance' was for the first time highlighted in a World Bank document on Sub-Saharan Africa.

Four key dimensions identified in this context were-public sector management; accountability; legal framework for development; and information and transparency. The OECD linked development assistance with participatory development, human rights and democratization. The 'good governance' paradigm has brought to surface the role of civil society in local collective social problem solving. Alexis De Tocqueville linked civil society to democracy in the mid 1800s.

Robert Putnam, the neo-Tocuevillian, emphasized on social capital and observed that the propensity of individuals to join private, voluntary associations contributes to the effectiveness of democracy. Larry Diamond in his work 'Developing Democracy', emphasized that a healthy liberal democracy requires a public that is organized for democracy, socialized to its norms and values and committed not just to its myriad narrow interests but to larger, common civic ends. Such a civic public is only possible with a vibrant civil society.

As per the passage, the work 'Developing Democracy' is associated with :

Correct Answer: (c) Larry Diamond
Solution:

Larry Diamond's work is related to 'Developing Democracу'.

97. As per the passage, which organization/ institution linked development assistance with human rights and democratization?

Correct Answer: (a) OECD
Solution:

The OECD organization linked development assistance to human rights and democratization.

98. As per the passage, which region was the focus of concept of governance in 1989?

Correct Answer: (c) Sub-Saharan Africa
Solution:

The concept of Good Governance was first highlighted by the World Bank in 1989 in its focus on Sub-Saharan Africa.

99. As per the passage, which institutino highlighted the concept of good governance first time?

Correct Answer: (c) World Bank
Solution:

The World Bank first shed light on the principles of Good Governance.

100. As per the passage, who linked civil society to democracy in the mid-1800s?

Correct Answer: (b) Alexis De Tocqueville
Solution:

Alexis de Tocqueville linked civil society and democracy in the mid-1800s.