UGC NET/JRF EXAM, JUNE-2025 POLITICAL SCIENCE (Paper-II)

Ministries falling under the jurisdiction of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Home Affairs:
• Ministry of Home Affairs
• Ministry of Law and Justice

Presidents of India who died during their term of office:
Dr. Zakir Husain (1969)
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (1977)

The book 'The Human Side of Enterprise', published in 1960, developed Theory X and Theory Y as a study of motivation and control in individuals. In Theory X, force and control are necessary for motivation, while Theory Y suggests individuals have self-control and self-motivation. The 'Scanlon Plan' was presented in this work to improve motivation levels. The name of his book is "The Human Side of Enterprise'.

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was formed on December 8, 1985, in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It has a total of 8 member nations: India, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Maldives. Its headquarters is in Kathmandu (Nepal).

Fred Riggs developed ideas on Fused, Prismatic, and Diffracted societies. The characteristics of a Prismatic society are:
• Selectivism
• Attainment (Achievement)
• Poly-functionalism

The correct sequence of subjects added to the Constitution of India through amendments:
• The 22nd Constitutional Amendment of 1969 recognized Meghalaya as an autonomous state within the state of Assam. Meghalaya was granted full statehood on January 21, 1972.
• The 26th Amendment of 1971 abolished the privy purses and privileges of the rulers of Indian princely states.
• Fundamental Duties of citizens were added to Part IV-A by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment of 1976.
• The Right to Property was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights by the 44th Constitutional Amendment of 1978.
• The Union Territory of Arunachal Pradesh was granted statehood by the 55th Constitutional Amendment of 1986.

Economist and international trade expert Jagdish Bhagwati wrote the book "Termites in the Trading System". In this book, Bhagwati criticizes the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the global system, arguing that these institutions are being undermined by the actions of various special interest groups and "termites" who are distorting the system for their own benefit.

In the year 2000, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which were embraced by 189 countries. It set a target of achieving 8 goals by 2015:
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger.
2. Achieve universal primary education.
3. Promote gender equality and empower women.
4. Reduce child mortality.
5. Improve maternal hcalth.
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases.
7. Ensure environmental sustainability.
8. Develop a global partnership for development.